Commit Graph

13238 Commits (48bc5094de4d2c549efd82780d4488071955d4ff)

Author SHA1 Message Date
Christian Couder 388517c14c fast-import: refactor finalize_commit_buffer()
In a following commit we are going to finalize commit buffers with or
without signatures in order to check the signatures and possibly drop
them.

To do so easily and without duplication, let's refactor the current
code that finalizes commit buffers into a new finalize_commit_buffer()
function.

Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-16 20:56:35 -08:00
Jiang Xin 7a03a10a3a builtin/repo: fix table alignment for UTF-8 characters
The output table from "git repo structure" is misaligned when displaying
UTF-8 characters (e.g., non-ASCII glyphs). E.g.:

    | 仓库结构   | 值  |
    | -------------- | ---- |
    | * 引用       |      |
    |   * 计数     |   67 |

The previous implementation used simple width formatting with printf()
which didn't properly handle multi-byte UTF-8 characters, causing
misaligned table columns when displaying repository structure
information.

This change modifies the stats_table_print_structure function to use
strbuf_utf8_align() instead of basic printf width specifiers. This
ensures proper column alignment regardless of the character encoding of
the content being displayed.

Also add test cases for strbuf_utf8_align(), a function newly introduced
in "builtin/repo.c".

Signed-off-by: Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-16 16:04:24 -08:00
Junio C Hamano 99bd5a5c9f Merge branch 'tc/last-modified-active-paths-optimization'
"git last-modified" was optimized by narrowing the set of paths to
follow as it dug deeper in the history.

* tc/last-modified-active-paths-optimization:
  last-modified: implement faster algorithm
2025-11-12 11:45:24 -08:00
Karthik Nayak 28b83e6f08 maintenance: add 'is-needed' subcommand
The 'git-maintenance(1)' command provides tooling to run maintenance
tasks over Git repositories. The 'run' subcommand, as the name suggests,
runs the maintenance tasks. When used with the '--auto' flag, it uses
heuristics to determine if the required thresholds are met for running
said maintenance tasks.

There is however a lack of insight into these heuristics. Meaning, the
checks are linked to the execution.

Add a new 'is-needed' subcommand to 'git-maintenance(1)' which allows
users to simply check if it is needed to run maintenance without
performing it.

This subcommand can check if it is needed to run maintenance without
actually running it. Ideally it should be used with the '--auto' flag,
which would allow users to check if the thresholds required are met. The
subcommand also supports the '--task' flag which can be used to check
specific maintenance tasks.

While adding the respective tests in 't/t7900-maintenance.sh', remove a
duplicate of the test: 'worktree-prune task with --auto honors
maintenance.worktree-prune.auto'.

Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-10 09:28:48 -08:00
Karthik Nayak 8c1ce2204c maintenance: add checking logic in `pack_refs_condition()`
The 'git-maintenance(1)' command supports an '--auto' flag. Usage of the
flag ensures to run maintenance tasks only if certain thresholds are
met. The heuristic is defined on a task level, wherein each task defines
an 'auto_condition', which states if the task should be run.

The 'pack-refs' task is hard-coded to return 1 as:
1. There was never a way to check if the reference backend needs to be
optimized without actually performing the optimization.
2. We can pass in the '--auto' flag to 'git-pack-refs(1)' which would
optimize based on heuristics.

The previous commit added a `refs_optimize_required()` function, which
can be used to check if a reference backend required optimization. Use
this within `pack_refs_condition()`.

This allows us to add a 'git maintenance is-needed' subcommand which can
notify the user if maintenance is needed without actually performing the
optimization. Without this change, the reference backend would always
state that optimization is needed.

Since we import 'revision.h', we need to remove the definition for
'SEEN' which is duplicated in the included header.

Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-10 09:28:48 -08:00
Junio C Hamano e569dced68 Merge branch 'cc/fast-import-export-i18n-cleanup'
Messages from fast-import/export are now marked for i18n.

* cc/fast-import-export-i18n-cleanup:
  gpg-interface: mark a string for translation
  fast-import: mark strings for translation
  fast-export: mark strings for translation
  gpg-interface: use left shift to define GPG_VERIFY_*
  gpg-interface: simplify ssh fingerprint parsing
2025-11-06 15:17:01 -08:00
Junio C Hamano c8a641c590 Merge branch 'rz/t0450-bisect-doc-update'
The help text and manual page of "git bisect" command have been
made consistent with each other.

* rz/t0450-bisect-doc-update:
  bisect: update usage and docs to match each other
2025-11-05 13:41:51 -08:00
Siddharth Asthana 336ac90c06 replay: add replay.refAction config option
Add a configuration variable to control the default behavior of git replay
for updating references. This allows users who prefer the traditional
pipeline output to set it once in their config instead of passing
--ref-action=print with every command.

The config variable uses string values that mirror the behavior modes:
  * replay.refAction = update (default): atomic ref updates
  * replay.refAction = print: output commands for pipeline

Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com>
Helped-by: Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com>
Helped-by: Phillip Wood <phillip.wood123@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Siddharth Asthana <siddharthasthana31@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-05 13:34:55 -08:00
Siddharth Asthana 15cd4ef1f4 replay: make atomic ref updates the default behavior
The git replay command currently outputs update commands that can be
piped to update-ref to achieve a rebase, e.g.

  git replay --onto main topic1..topic2 | git update-ref --stdin

This separation had advantages for three special cases:
  * it made testing easy (when state isn't modified from one step to
    the next, you don't need to make temporary branches or have undo
    commands, or try to track the changes)
  * it provided a natural can-it-rebase-cleanly (and what would it
    rebase to) capability without automatically updating refs, similar
    to a --dry-run
  * it provided a natural low-level tool for the suite of hash-object,
    mktree, commit-tree, mktag, merge-tree, and update-ref, allowing
    users to have another building block for experimentation and making
    new tools

However, it should be noted that all three of these are somewhat
special cases; users, whether on the client or server side, would
almost certainly find it more ergonomic to simply have the updating
of refs be the default.

For server-side operations in particular, the pipeline architecture
creates process coordination overhead. Server implementations that need
to perform rebases atomically must maintain additional code to:

  1. Spawn and manage a pipeline between git-replay and git-update-ref
  2. Coordinate stdout/stderr streams across the pipe boundary
  3. Handle partial failure states if the pipeline breaks mid-execution
  4. Parse and validate the update-ref command output

Change the default behavior to update refs directly, and atomically (at
least to the extent supported by the refs backend in use). This
eliminates the process coordination overhead for the common case.

For users needing the traditional pipeline workflow, add a new
--ref-action=<mode> option that preserves the original behavior:

  git replay --ref-action=print --onto main topic1..topic2 | git update-ref --stdin

The mode can be:
  * update (default): Update refs directly using an atomic transaction
  * print: Output update-ref commands for pipeline use

Test suite changes:

All existing tests that expected command output now use
--ref-action=print to preserve their original behavior. This keeps
the tests valid while allowing them to verify that the pipeline workflow
still works correctly.

New tests were added to verify:
  - Default atomic behavior (no output, refs updated directly)
  - Bare repository support (server-side use case)
  - Equivalence between traditional pipeline and atomic updates
  - Real atomicity using a lock file to verify all-or-nothing guarantee
  - Test isolation using test_when_finished to clean up state
  - Reflog messages include replay mode and target

A following commit will add a replay.refAction configuration
option for users who prefer the traditional pipeline output as their
default behavior.

Helped-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com>
Helped-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Helped-by: Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com>
Helped-by: Phillip Wood <phillip.wood123@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Siddharth Asthana <siddharthasthana31@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-05 13:34:55 -08:00
Siddharth Asthana e031fa1006 replay: use die_for_incompatible_opt2() for option validation
In preparation for adding the --ref-action option, convert option
validation to use die_for_incompatible_opt2(). This helper provides
standardized error messages for mutually exclusive options.

The following commit introduces --ref-action which will be incompatible
with certain other options. Using die_for_incompatible_opt2() now means
that commit can cleanly add its validation using the same pattern,
keeping the validation logic consistent and maintainable.

This also aligns git-replay's option handling with how other Git commands
manage option conflicts, using the established die_for_incompatible_opt*()
helper family.

Signed-off-by: Siddharth Asthana <siddharthasthana31@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-05 13:34:55 -08:00
Junio C Hamano a9db6c66f5 Merge branch 'jt/repo-structure'
"git repo structure", a new command.

* jt/repo-structure:
  builtin/repo: add progress meter for structure stats
  builtin/repo: add keyvalue and nul format for structure stats
  builtin/repo: add object counts in structure output
  builtin/repo: introduce structure subcommand
  ref-filter: export ref_kind_from_refname()
  ref-filter: allow NULL filter pattern
  builtin/repo: rename repo_info() to cmd_repo_info()
2025-11-04 07:48:07 -08:00
Junio C Hamano 4a1442a336 Merge branch 'ps/ref-peeled-tags' into kn/maintenance-is-needed
* ps/ref-peeled-tags: (23 commits)
  t7004: do not chdir around in the main process
  ref-filter: fix stale parsed objects
  ref-filter: parse objects on demand
  ref-filter: detect broken tags when dereferencing them
  refs: don't store peeled object IDs for invalid tags
  object: add flag to `peel_object()` to verify object type
  refs: drop infrastructure to peel via iterators
  refs: drop `current_ref_iter` hack
  builtin/show-ref: convert to use `reference_get_peeled_oid()`
  ref-filter: propagate peeled object ID
  upload-pack: convert to use `reference_get_peeled_oid()`
  refs: expose peeled object ID via the iterator
  refs: refactor reference status flags
  refs: fully reset `struct ref_iterator::ref` on iteration
  refs: introduce `.ref` field for the base iterator
  refs: introduce wrapper struct for `each_ref_fn`
  builtin/repo: add progress meter for structure stats
  builtin/repo: add keyvalue and nul format for structure stats
  builtin/repo: add object counts in structure output
  builtin/repo: introduce structure subcommand
  ...
2025-11-04 07:38:27 -08:00
Patrick Steinhardt feaaea4c12 builtin/show-ref: convert to use `reference_get_peeled_oid()`
The git-show-ref(1) command has multiple different modes:

  - It knows to show all references matching a pattern.

  - It knows to list all references that are an exact match to whatever
    the user has provided.

  - It knows to check for reference existence.

The first two commands use mostly the same infrastructure to print the
references via `show_one()`. But while the former mode uses a proper
iterator and thus has a `struct reference` available in its context, the
latter calls `refs_read_ref()` and thus doesn't. Consequently, we cannot
easily use `reference_get_peeled_oid()` to print the peeled value.

Adapt the code so that we manually construct a `struct reference` when
verifying refs. We wouldn't ever have the peeled value available anyway
as we're not using an iterator here, so we can simply plug in the values
we _do_ have.

With this change we now have a `struct reference` available at both
callsites of `show_one()` and can thus pass it, which allows us to use
`reference_get_peeled_oid()` instead of `peel_iterated_oid()`.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-04 07:32:25 -08:00
Patrick Steinhardt 70b783c3a1 ref-filter: propagate peeled object ID
When queueing a reference in the "ref-filter" subsystem we end up
creating a new ref array item that contains the reference's info. One
bit of info that we always discard though is the peeled object ID, and
because of that we are forced to use `peel_iterated_oid()`.

Refactor the code to propagate the peeled object ID via the ref array,
if available. This allows us to manually peel tags without having to go
through the object database.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-04 07:32:25 -08:00
Patrick Steinhardt f898661637 refs: expose peeled object ID via the iterator
Both the "files" and "reftable" backend are able to store peeled values
for tags in the respective formats. This allows for a more efficient
lookup of the target object of such a tag without having to manually
peel via the object database.

The infrastructure to access these peeled object IDs is somewhat funky
though. When iterating through objects, we store a pointer reference to
the current iterator in a global variable. The callbacks invoked by that
iterator are then expected to call `peel_iterated_oid()`, which checks
whether the globally-stored iterator's current reference refers to the
one handed into that function. If so, we ask the iterator to peel the
object, otherwise we manually peel the object via the object database.
Depending on global state like this is somewhat weird and also quite
fragile.

Introduce a new `struct reference::peeled_oid` field that can be
populated by the reference backends. This field can be accessed via a
new function `reference_get_peeled_oid()` that either uses that value,
if set, or alternatively peels via the ODB. With this change we don't
have to rely on global state anymore, but make the peeled object ID
available to the callback functions directly.

Adjust trivial callers that already have a `struct reference` available.
Remaining callers will be adjusted in subsequent commits.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-04 07:32:25 -08:00
Patrick Steinhardt bdbebe5714 refs: introduce wrapper struct for `each_ref_fn`
The `each_ref_fn` callback function type is used across our code base
for several different functions that iterate through reference. There's
a bunch of callbacks implementing this type, which makes any changes to
the callback signature extremely noisy. An example of the required churn
is e8207717f1 (refs: add referent to each_ref_fn, 2024-08-09): adding a
single argument required us to change 48 files.

It was already proposed back then [1] that we might want to introduce a
wrapper structure to alleviate the pain going forward. While this of
course requires the same kind of global refactoring as just introducing
a new parameter, it at least allows us to more change the callback type
afterwards by just extending the wrapper structure.

One counterargument to this refactoring is that it makes the structure
more opaque. While it is obvious which callsites need to be fixed up
when we change the function type, it's not obvious anymore once we use
a structure. That being said, we only have a handful of sites that
actually need to populate this wrapper structure: our ref backends,
"refs/iterator.c" as well as very few sites that invoke the iterator
callback functions directly.

Introduce this wrapper structure so that we can adapt the iterator
interfaces more readily.

[1]: <ZmarVcF5JjsZx0dl@tanuki>

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-04 07:32:24 -08:00
Patrick Steinhardt 3e5e360888 object-file: refactor writing objects via a stream
We have two different ways to write an object into the database:

  - We either provide the full buffer and write the object all at once.

  - Or we provide an input stream that has a `read()` function so that
    we can chunk the object.

The latter is especially used for large objects, where it may be too
expensive to hold the complete object in memory all at once.

While we already have `odb_write_object()` at the ODB-layer, we don't
have an equivalent for streaming an object. Introduce a new function
`odb_write_object_stream()` to address this gap so that callers don't
have to be aware of the inner workings of how to stream an object to
disk with a specific object source.

Rename `stream_loose_object()` to `odb_source_loose_write_stream()` to
clarify its scope. This matches our modern best practices around how to
name functions.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-03 12:18:48 -08:00
Patrick Steinhardt 05130c6c9e object-file: rename `has_loose_object()`
Rename `has_loose_object()` to `odb_source_loose_has_object()` so that
it becomes clear that this is tied to a specific loose object source.
This matches our modern naming schema for functions.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-03 12:18:47 -08:00
Toon Claes 2a04e8c293 last-modified: implement faster algorithm
The current implementation of git-last-modified(1) works by doing a
revision walk, and inspecting the diff at each level of that walk to
annotate entries remaining in the hashmap of paths. In other words, if
the diff at some level touches a path which has not yet been associated
with a commit, then that commit becomes associated with the path.

While a perfectly reasonable implementation, it can perform poorly in
either one of two scenarios:

  1. There are many entries of interest, in which case there is simply
     a lot of work to do.

  2. Or, there are (even a few) entries which have not been updated in a
     long time, and so we must walk through a lot of history in order to
     find a commit that touches that path.

This patch rewrites the last-modified implementation that addresses the
second point. The idea behind the algorithm is to propagate a set of
'active' paths (a path is 'active' if it does not yet belong to a
commit) up to parents and do a truncated revision walk.

The walk is truncated because it does not produce a revision for every
change in the original pathspec, but rather only for active paths.

More specifically, consider a priority queue of commits sorted by
generation number. First, enqueue the set of boundary commits with all
paths in the original spec marked as interesting.

Then, while the queue is not empty, do the following:

  1. Pop an element, say, 'c', off of the queue, making sure that 'c'
     isn't reachable by anything in the '--not' set.

  2. For each parent 'p' (with index 'parent_i') of 'c', do the
     following:

     a. Compute the diff between 'c' and 'p'.
     b. Pass any active paths that are TREESAME from 'c' to 'p'.
     c. If 'p' has any active paths, push it onto the queue.

  3. Any path that remains active on 'c' is associated to that commit.

This ends up being equivalent to doing something like 'git log -1 --
$path' for each path simultaneously. But, it allows us to go much faster
than the original implementation by limiting the number of diffs we
compute, since we can avoid parts of history that would have been
considered by the revision walk in the original implementation, but are
known to be uninteresting to us because we have already marked all paths
in that area to be inactive.

To avoid computing many first-parent diffs, add another trick on top of
this and check if all paths active in 'c' are DEFINITELY NOT in c's
Bloom filter. Since the commit-graph only stores first-parent diffs in
the Bloom filters, we can only apply this trick to first-parent diffs.

Comparing the performance of this new algorithm shows about a 2.5x
improvement on git.git:

    Benchmark 1: master   no bloom
      Time (mean ± σ):      2.868 s ±  0.023 s    [User: 2.811 s, System: 0.051 s]
      Range (min … max):    2.847 s …  2.926 s    10 runs

    Benchmark 2: master with bloom
      Time (mean ± σ):     949.9 ms ±  15.2 ms    [User: 907.6 ms, System: 39.5 ms]
      Range (min … max):   933.3 ms … 971.2 ms    10 runs

    Benchmark 3: HEAD     no bloom
      Time (mean ± σ):     782.0 ms ±   6.3 ms    [User: 740.7 ms, System: 39.2 ms]
      Range (min … max):   776.4 ms … 798.2 ms    10 runs

    Benchmark 4: HEAD   with bloom
      Time (mean ± σ):     307.1 ms ±   1.7 ms    [User: 276.4 ms, System: 29.9 ms]
      Range (min … max):   303.7 ms … 309.5 ms    10 runs

    Summary
      HEAD   with bloom ran
        2.55 ± 0.02 times faster than HEAD     no bloom
        3.09 ± 0.05 times faster than master with bloom
        9.34 ± 0.09 times faster than master   no bloom

In short, the existing implementation is comparably fast *with* Bloom
filters as the new implementation is *without* Bloom filters. So, most
repositories should get a dramatic speed-up by just deploying this (even
without computing Bloom filters), and all repositories should get faster
still when computing Bloom filters.

When comparing a more extreme example of
`git last-modified -- COPYING t`, the difference is even 5 times better:

    Benchmark 1: master
      Time (mean ± σ):      4.372 s ±  0.057 s    [User: 4.286 s, System: 0.062 s]
      Range (min … max):    4.308 s …  4.509 s    10 runs

    Benchmark 2: HEAD
      Time (mean ± σ):     826.3 ms ±  22.3 ms    [User: 784.1 ms, System: 39.2 ms]
      Range (min … max):   810.6 ms … 881.2 ms    10 runs

    Summary
      HEAD ran
        5.29 ± 0.16 times faster than master

As an added benefit, results are more consistent now. For example
implementation in 'master' gives:

    $ git log --max-count=1 --format=%H -- pkt-line.h
    15df15fe07

    $ git last-modified -- pkt-line.h
    15df15fe07	pkt-line.h

    $ git last-modified | grep pkt-line.h
    5b49c1af03	pkt-line.h

With the changes in this patch the results of git-last-modified(1)
always match those of `git log --max-count=1`.

One thing to note though, the results might be outputted in a different
order than before. This is not considerd to be an issue because nowhere
is documented the order is guaranteed.

Based-on-patches-by: Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com>
Based-on-patches-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Toon Claes <toon@iotcl.com>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
[jc: tweaked use of xcalloc() to unbreak coccicheck]
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-11-03 07:25:41 -08:00
Junio C Hamano 3cf3369e81 Merge branch 'ps/maintenance-geometric'
"git maintenance" command learns the "geometric" strategy where it
avoids doing maintenance tasks that rebuilds everything from
scratch.

* ps/maintenance-geometric:
  t7900: fix a flaky test due to git-repack always regenerating MIDX
  builtin/maintenance: introduce "geometric" strategy
  builtin/maintenance: make "gc" strategy accessible
  builtin/maintenance: extend "maintenance.strategy" to manual maintenance
  builtin/maintenance: run maintenance tasks depending on type
  builtin/maintenance: improve readability of strategies
  builtin/maintenance: don't silently ignore invalid strategy
  builtin/maintenance: make the geometric factor configurable
  builtin/maintenance: introduce "geometric-repack" task
  builtin/gc: make `too_many_loose_objects()` reusable without GC config
  builtin/gc: remove global `repack` variable
2025-11-03 06:49:55 -08:00
Junio C Hamano be414e17e5 Merge branch 'rz/bisect-help-unknown'
"git bisect" command did not react correctly to "git bisect help"
and "git bisect unknown", which has been corrected.

* rz/bisect-help-unknown:
  bisect: fix handling of `help` and invalid subcommands
2025-10-30 08:00:20 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 5554738038 Merge branch 'ps/remove-packfile-store-get-packs'
Two slightly different ways to get at "all the packfiles" in API
has been cleaned up.

* ps/remove-packfile-store-get-packs:
  packfile: rename `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
  packfile: introduce macro to iterate through packs
  packfile: drop `packfile_store_get_packs()`
  builtin/grep: simplify how we preload packs
  builtin/gc: convert to use `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
  object-name: convert to use `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
2025-10-30 08:00:19 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 923436e23d Merge branch 'ey/commit-graph-changed-paths-config'
A new configuration variable commitGraph.changedPaths allows to
turn "--changed-paths" on by default for "git commit-graph".

* ey/commit-graph-changed-paths-config:
  commit-graph: add new config for changed-paths & recommend it in scalar
2025-10-30 08:00:19 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt c31bad4f7d packfile: track packs via the MRU list exclusively
We track packfiles via two different lists:

  - `struct packfile_store::packs` is a list that sorts local packs
    first. In addition, these packs are sorted so that younger packs are
    sorted towards the front.

  - `struct packfile_store::mru` is a list that sorts packs so that
    most-recently used packs are at the front.

The reasoning behind the ordering in the `packs` list is that younger
objects stored in the local object store tend to be accessed more
frequently, and that is certainly true for some cases. But there are
going to be lots of cases where that isn't true. Especially when
traversing history it is likely that one needs to access many older
objects, and due to our housekeeping it is very likely that almost all
of those older objects will be contained in one large pack that is
oldest.

So whether or not the ordering makes sense really depends on the use
case at hand. A flexible approach like our MRU list addresses that need,
as it will sort packs towards the front that are accessed all the time.
Intuitively, this approach is thus able to satisfy more use cases more
efficiently.

This reasoning casts some doubt on whether or not it really makes sense
to track packs via two different lists. It causes confusion, and it is
not clear whether there are use cases where the `packs` list really is
such an obvious choice.

Merge these two lists into one most-recently-used list.

Note that there is one important edge case: `for_each_packed_object()`
uses the MRU list to iterate through packs, and then it lists each
object in those packs. This would have the effect that we now sort the
current pack towards the front, thus modifying the list of packfiles we
are iterating over, with the consequence that we'll see an infinite
loop. This edge case is worked around by introducing a new field that
allows us to skip updating the MRU.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-30 07:09:53 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 589127caa7 packfile: move list of packs into the packfile store
Move the list of packs into the packfile store. This follows the same
logic as in a previous commit, where we moved the most-recently-used
list of packs, as well.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-30 07:09:53 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 0d0e4b5954 builtin/pack-objects: simplify logic to find kept or nonlocal objects
The function `has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal()` takes an object ID and
then searches through packed objects to figure out whether the object
exists in a kept or non-local pack. As a performance optimization we
remember the packfile that contains a given object ID so that the next
call to the function first checks that same packfile again.

The way this is written is rather hard to follow though, as the caching
mechanism is intertwined with the loop that iterates through the packs.
Consequently, we need to do some gymnastics to re-start the iteration if
the cached pack does not contain the objects.

Refactor this so that we check the cached packfile at the beginning. We
don't have to re-verify whether the packfile meets the properties as we
have already verified those when storing the pack in `last_found` in the
first place. So all we need to do is to use `find_pack_entry_one()` to
check whether the pack contains the object ID, and to skip the cached
pack in the loop so that we don't search it twice.

Furthermore, stop using the `(void *)1` sentinel value and instead use a
simple `NULL` pointer to indicate that we don't have a last-found pack
yet.

This refactoring significantly simplifies the logic and makes it much
easier to follow.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-30 07:09:53 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt f905a855b1 packfile: move the MRU list into the packfile store
Packfiles have two lists associated to them:

  - A list that keeps track of packfiles in the order that they were
    added to a packfile store.

  - A list that keeps track of packfiles in most-recently-used order so
    that packfiles that are more likely to contain a specific object are
    ordered towards the front.

Both of these lists are hosted by `struct packed_git` itself, So to
identify all packfiles in a repository you simply need to grab the first
packfile and then iterate the `->next` pointers or the MRU list. This
pattern has the problem that all packfiles are part of the same list,
regardless of whether or not they belong to the same object source.

With the upcoming pluggable object database effort this needs to change:
packfiles should be contained by a single object source, and reading an
object from any such packfile should use that source to look up the
object. Consequently, we need to break up the global lists of packfiles
into per-object-source lists.

A first step towards this goal is to move those lists out of `struct
packed_git` and into the packfile store. While the packfile store is
currently sitting on the `struct object_database` level, the intent is
to push it down one level into the `struct odb_source` in a subsequent
patch series.

Introduce a new `struct packfile_list` that is used to manage lists of
packfiles and use it to store the list of most-recently-used packfiles
in `struct packfile_store`. For now, the new list type is only used in a
single spot, but we'll expand its usage in subsequent patches.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-30 07:09:52 -07:00
Christian Couder c295115ec6 fast-import: mark strings for translation
Some error or warning messages in "builtin/fast-import.c" are marked
for translation, but many are not.

To be more consistent and provide a better experience to people using a
translated version, let's mark all the remaining error or warning
messages for translation.

While at it, let's make the following small changes:

  - replace "GIT" or "git" in a few error messages to just "Git",
  - replace "Expected from command, got %s" to "expected 'from'
    command, got '%s'", which makes it clearer that "from" is a command
    and should not be translated,
  - downcase error and warning messages that start with an uppercase,
  - fix test cases in "t9300-fast-import.sh" that broke because an
    error or warning message was downcased,
  - split error and warning messages that are too long,
  - adjust the indentation of some arguments of the error functions.

Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-30 07:06:58 -07:00
Christian Couder d53287b734 fast-export: mark strings for translation
Some error or warning messages in "builtin/fast-export.c" are marked
for translation, but many are not.

To be more consistent and provide a better experience to people using a
translated version, let's mark all the remaining error or warning
messages for translation.

While at it:

  - improve how some arguments to some error functions are indented,
  - remove "Error:" at the start of an error message,
  - downcase error and warning messages that start with an uppercase.

Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-30 07:06:58 -07:00
Junio C Hamano c1b23bd8aa Merge branch 'tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1'
Clean-up "git repack" machinery to prepare for incremental update
of midx files.

* tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1: (49 commits)
  builtin/repack.c: clean up unused `#include`s
  repack: move `write_cruft_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `write_filtered_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `pack_kept_objects` to `struct pack_objects_args`
  repack: move `finish_pack_objects_cmd()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: pass `write_pack_opts` to `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`
  repack: extract `write_pack_opts_is_local()`
  repack: move `find_pack_prefix()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: use `write_pack_opts` within `write_cruft_pack()`
  builtin/repack.c: introduce `struct write_pack_opts`
  repack: 'write_midx_included_packs' API from the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: inline packs within `write_midx_included_packs()`
  builtin/repack.c: pass `repack_write_midx_opts` to `midx_included_packs`
  builtin/repack.c: inline `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  builtin/repack.c: reorder `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  repack: keep track of MIDX pack names using existing_packs
  builtin/repack.c: use a string_list for 'midx_pack_names'
  builtin/repack.c: extract opts struct for 'write_midx_included_packs()'
  builtin/repack.c: remove ref snapshotting from builtin
  repack: remove pack_geometry API from the builtin
  ...
2025-10-29 12:38:24 -07:00
Ruoyu Zhong bb42dc9710 bisect: update usage and docs to match each other
Update the usage string of `git bisect` and documentation to match each
other. While at it, also:

1. Move the synopsis of `git bisect` subcommands to the synopsis
   section, so that the test `t0450-txt-doc-vs-help.sh` can pass.

2. Document the `git bisect next` subcommand, which exists in the code
   but is missing from the documentation.

See also: [1].

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/git/3DA38465-7636-4EEF-B074-53E4628F5355@gmail.com/

Suggested-by: Ben Knoble <ben.knoble@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ruoyu Zhong <zhongruoyu@outlook.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-28 15:41:42 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 3deb97fe24 Merge branch 'cc/fast-import-strip-signed-tags'
"git fast-import" is taught to handle signed tags, just like it
recently learned to handle signed commits, in different ways.

* cc/fast-import-strip-signed-tags:
  fast-import: add '--signed-tags=<mode>' option
  fast-export: handle all kinds of tag signatures
  t9350: properly count annotated tags
  lib-gpg: allow tests with GPGSM or GPGSSH prereq first
  doc: git-tag: stop focusing on GPG signed tags
2025-10-28 10:29:09 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 54ac3809c3 Merge branch 'ds/sparse-checkout-clean'
"git sparse-checkout" subcommand learned a new "clean" action to
prune otherwise unused working-tree files that are outside the
areas of interest.

* ds/sparse-checkout-clean:
  sparse-index: improve advice message instructions
  t: expand tests around sparse merges and clean
  sparse-index: point users to new 'clean' action
  sparse-checkout: add --verbose option to 'clean'
  dir: add generic "walk all files" helper
  sparse-checkout: match some 'clean' behavior
  sparse-checkout: add basics of 'clean' command
  sparse-checkout: remove use of the_repository
2025-10-28 10:29:09 -07:00
Junio C Hamano ed3305fff7 Merge branch 'ps/remove-packfile-store-get-packs' into ps/packed-git-in-object-store
* ps/remove-packfile-store-get-packs: (55 commits)
  packfile: rename `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
  packfile: introduce macro to iterate through packs
  packfile: drop `packfile_store_get_packs()`
  builtin/grep: simplify how we preload packs
  builtin/gc: convert to use `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
  object-name: convert to use `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
  builtin/repack.c: clean up unused `#include`s
  repack: move `write_cruft_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `write_filtered_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `pack_kept_objects` to `struct pack_objects_args`
  repack: move `finish_pack_objects_cmd()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: pass `write_pack_opts` to `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`
  repack: extract `write_pack_opts_is_local()`
  repack: move `find_pack_prefix()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: use `write_pack_opts` within `write_cruft_pack()`
  builtin/repack.c: introduce `struct write_pack_opts`
  repack: 'write_midx_included_packs' API from the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: inline packs within `write_midx_included_packs()`
  builtin/repack.c: pass `repack_write_midx_opts` to `midx_included_packs`
  builtin/repack.c: inline `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  ...
2025-10-28 10:00:56 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt d9bccf2ec3 builtin/maintenance: introduce "geometric" strategy
We have two different repacking strategies in Git:

  - The "gc" strategy uses git-gc(1).

  - The "incremental" strategy uses multi-pack indices and `git
    multi-pack-index repack` to merge together smaller packfiles as
    determined by a specific batch size.

The former strategy is our old and trusted default, whereas the latter
has historically been used for our scheduled maintenance. But both
strategies have their shortcomings:

  - The "gc" strategy performs regular all-into-one repacks. Furthermore
    it is rather inflexible, as it is not easily possible for a user to
    enable or disable specific subtasks.

  - The "incremental" strategy is not a full replacement for the "gc"
    strategy as it doesn't know to prune stale data.

So today, we don't have a strategy that is well-suited for large repos
while being a full replacement for the "gc" strategy.

Introduce a new "geometric" strategy that aims to fill this gap. This
strategy invokes all the usual cleanup tasks that git-gc(1) does like
pruning reflogs and rerere caches as well as stale worktrees. But where
it differs from both the "gc" and "incremental" strategy is that it uses
our geometric repacking infrastructure exposed by git-repack(1) to
repack packfiles. The advantage of geometric repacking is that we only
need to perform an all-into-one repack when the object count in a repo
has grown significantly.

One downside of this strategy is that pruning of unreferenced objects is
not going to happen regularly anymore. Every geometric repack knows to
soak up all loose objects regardless of their reachability, and merging
two or more packs doesn't consider reachability, either. Consequently,
the number of unreachable objects will grow over time.

This is remedied by doing an all-into-one repack instead of a geometric
repack whenever we determine that the geometric repack would end up
merging all packfiles anyway. This all-into-one repack then performs our
usual reachability checks and writes unreachable objects into a cruft
pack. As cruft packs won't ever be merged during geometric repacks we
can thus phase out these objects over time.

Of course, this still means that we retain unreachable objects for far
longer than with the "gc" strategy. But the maintenance strategy is
intended especially for large repositories, where the basic assumption
is that the set of unreachable objects will be significantly dwarfed by
the number of reachable objects.

If this assumption is ever proven to be too disadvantageous we could for
example introduce a time-based strategy: if the largest packfile has not
been touched for longer than $T, we perform an all-into-one repack. But
for now, such a mechanism is deferred into the future as it is not clear
yet whether it is needed in the first place.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:45 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 40a7415833 builtin/maintenance: make "gc" strategy accessible
While the user can pick the "incremental" maintenance strategy, it is
not possible to explicitly use the "gc" strategy. This has two
downsides:

  - It is impossible to use the default "gc" strategy for a specific
    repository when the strategy was globally set to a different strategy.

  - It is not possible to use git-gc(1) for scheduled maintenance.

Address these issues by making making the "gc" strategy configurable.
Furthermore, extend the strategy so that git-gc(1) runs for both manual
and scheduled maintenance.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:44 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 0e994d9f38 builtin/maintenance: extend "maintenance.strategy" to manual maintenance
The "maintenance.strategy" configuration allows users to configure how
Git is supposed to perform repository maintenance. The idea is that we
provide a set of high-level strategies that may be useful in different
contexts, like for example when handling a large monorepo. Furthermore,
the strategy can be tweaked by the user by overriding specific tasks.

In its current form though, the strategy only applies to scheduled
maintenance. This creates something of a gap, as scheduled and manual
maintenance will now use _different_ strategies as the latter would
continue to use git-gc(1) by default. This makes the strategies way less
useful than they could be on the one hand. But even more importantly,
the two different strategies might clash with one another, where one of
the strategies performs maintenance in such a way that it discards
benefits from the other strategy.

So ideally, it should be possible to pick one strategy that then applies
globally to all the different ways that we perform maintenance. This
doesn't necessarily mean that the strategy always does the _same_ thing
for every maintenance type. But it means that the strategy can configure
the different types to work in tandem with each other.

Change the meaning of "maintenance.strategy" accordingly so that the
strategy is applied to both types, manual and scheduled. As preceding
commits have introduced logic to run maintenance tasks depending on this
type we can tweak strategies so that they perform those tasks depending
on the context.

Note that this raises the question of backwards compatibility: when the
user has configured the "incremental" strategy we would have ignored
that strategy beforehand. Instead, repository maintenance would have
continued to use git-gc(1) by default.

But luckily, we can match that behaviour by:

  - Keeping all current tasks of the incremental strategy as
    `MAINTENANCE_TYPE_SCHEDULED`. This ensures that those tasks will not
    run during manual maintenance.

  - Configuring the "gc" task so that it is invoked during manual
    maintenance.

Like this, the user shouldn't observe any difference in behaviour.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:44 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 6a7d3eeb47 builtin/maintenance: run maintenance tasks depending on type
We basically have three different ways to execute repository
maintenance:

  1. Manual maintenance via `git maintenance run`.

  2. Automatic maintenance via `git maintenance run --auto`.

  3. Scheduled maintenance via `git maintenance run --schedule=`.

At the moment, maintenance strategies only have an effect for the last
type of maintenance. This is about to change in subsequent commits, but
to do so we need to be able to skip some tasks depending on how exactly
maintenance was invoked.

Introduce a new maintenance type that discern between manual (1 & 2) and
scheduled (3) maintenance. Convert the `enabled` field into a bitset so
that it becomes possible to specifiy which tasks exactly should run in a
specific context.

The types picked for existing strategies match the status quo:

  - The default strategy is only ever executed as part of a manual
    maintenance run. It is not possible to use it for scheduled
    maintenance.

  - The incremental strategy is only ever executed as part of a
    scheduled maintenance run. It is not possible to use it for manual
    maintenance.

The strategies will be tweaked in subsequent commits to make use of this
new infrastructure.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:44 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt e83e92e876 builtin/maintenance: improve readability of strategies
Our maintenance strategies are essentially a large array of structures,
where each of the tasks can be enabled and scheduled individually. With
the current layout though all the configuration sits on the same nesting
layer, which makes it a bit hard to discern which initialized fields
belong to what task.

Improve readability of the individual tasks by using nested designated
initializers instead.

Suggested-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:44 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt d465be2327 builtin/maintenance: don't silently ignore invalid strategy
When parsing maintenance strategies we completely ignore the
user-configured value in case it is unknown to us. This makes it
basically undiscoverable to the user that scheduled maintenance is
devolving into a no-op.

Change this to instead die when seeing an unknown maintenance strategy.
While at it, pull out the parsing logic into a separate function so that
we can reuse it in a subsequent commit.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:43 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 5c2ad50193 builtin/maintenance: make the geometric factor configurable
The geometric repacking task uses a factor of two for its geometric
sequence, meaning that each next pack must contain at least twice as
many objects as the next-smaller one. In some cases it may be helpful to
configure this factor though to reduce the number of packfile merges
even further, e.g. in very big repositories. But while git-repack(1)
itself supports doing this, the maintenance task does not give us a way
to tune it.

Introduce a new "maintenance.geometric-repack.splitFactor" configuration
to plug this gap.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:43 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 9bc151850c builtin/maintenance: introduce "geometric-repack" task
Introduce a new "geometric-repack" task. This task uses our geometric
repack infrastructure as provided by git-repack(1) itself, which is a
strategy that especially hosting providers tend to use to amortize the
costs of repacking objects.

There is one issue though with geometric repacks, namely that they
unconditionally pack all loose objects, regardless of whether or not
they are reachable. This is done because it means that we can completely
skip the reachability step, which significantly speeds up the operation.
But it has the big downside that we are unable to expire objects over
time.

To address this issue we thus use a split strategy in this new task:
whenever a geometric repack would merge together all packs, we instead
do an all-into-one repack. By default, these all-into-one repacks have
cruft packs enabled, so unreachable objects would now be written into
their own pack. Consequently, they won't be soaked up during geometric
repacking anymore and can be expired with the next full repack, assuming
that their expiry date has surpassed.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:43 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 60c0af8e20 builtin/gc: make `too_many_loose_objects()` reusable without GC config
To decide whether or not a repository needs to be repacked we estimate
the number of loose objects. If the number exceeds a certain threshold
we perform the repack, otherwise we don't.

This is done via `too_many_loose_objects()`, which takes as parameter
the `struct gc_config`. This configuration is only used to determine the
threshold. In a subsequent commit we'll add another caller of this
function that wants to pass a different limit than the one stored in
that structure.

Refactor the function accordingly so that we only take the limit as
parameter instead of the whole structure.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:42 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 0ea94b023a builtin/gc: remove global `repack` variable
The global `repack` variable is used to store all command line arguments
that we eventually want to pass to git-repack(1). It is being appended
to from multiple different functions, which makes it hard to follow the
logic. Besides being hard to follow, it also makes it unnecessarily hard
to reuse this infrastructure in new code.

Refactor the code so that we store this variable on the stack and pass
a pointer to it around as needed. This is done so that we can reuse
`add_repack_all_options()` in a subsequent commit.

The refactoring itself is straight-forward. One function that deserves
attention though is `need_to_gc()`: this function determines whether or
not we need to execute garbage collection for `git gc --auto`, but also
for `git maintenance run --auto`. But besides figuring out whether we
have to perform GC, the function also sets up the `repack` arguments.

For `git gc --auto` it's trivial to adapt, as we already have the
on-stack variable at our fingertips. But for the maintenance condition
it's less obvious what to do.

As it turns out, we can just use another temporary variable there that
we then immediately discard. If we need to perform GC we execute a child
git-gc(1) process to repack objects for us, and that process will have
to recompute the arguments anyway.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-24 13:42:42 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 98401c10fc Merge branch 'bc/sha1-256-interop-01'
The beginning of SHA1-SHA256 interoperability work.

* bc/sha1-256-interop-01:
  t1010: use BROKEN_OBJECTS prerequisite
  t: allow specifying compatibility hash
  fsck: consider gpgsig headers expected in tags
  rev-parse: allow printing compatibility hash
  docs: add documentation for loose objects
  docs: improve ambiguous areas of pack format documentation
  docs: reflect actual double signature for tags
  docs: update offset order for pack index v3
  docs: update pack index v3 format
2025-10-22 11:38:58 -07:00
Ruoyu Zhong 2bb3a012f3 bisect: fix handling of `help` and invalid subcommands
As documented in git-bisect(1), `git bisect help` should display usage
information. However, since the migration of `git bisect` to a full
builtin command in 73fce29427 (Turn `git bisect` into a full built-in,
2022-11-10), this behavior was broken. Running `git bisect help` would,
instead of showing usage, either fail silently if already in a bisect
session, or otherwise trigger an interactive autostart prompt asking "Do
you want me to do it for you [Y/n]?".

Similarly, since df63421be9 (bisect--helper: handle states directly,
2022-11-10), running invalid subcommands like `git bisect foobar` also
led to the same behavior.

This occurred because `help` and other unrecognized subcommands were
being unconditionally passed to `bisect_state`, which then called
`bisect_autostart`, triggering the interactive prompt.

Fix this by:
1. Adding explicit handling for the `help` subcommand to show usage;
2. Validating that unrecognized commands are actually valid state
   commands before calling `bisect_state`;
3. Showing an error with usage for truly invalid commands.

This ensures that `git bisect help` displays the usage as documented,
and invalid commands fail cleanly without entering interactive mode.
Alternate terms are still handled correctly through
`check_and_set_terms`.

Signed-off-by: Ruoyu Zhong <zhongruoyu@outlook.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-22 11:25:23 -07:00
Emily Yang fafdf23b2f commit-graph: add new config for changed-paths & recommend it in scalar
The changed-path Bloom filters feature has proven stable and reliable
over several years of use, delivering significant performance
improvement for file history computation in large monorepos. Currently
a user can opt-in to writing the changed-path Bloom filters using the
"--changed-paths" option to "git commit-graph write". The filters will
be persisted until the user drops the filters using the
"--no-changed-paths" option. For this functionality, refer to 0087a87ba8
(commit-graph: persist existence of changed-paths, 2020-07-01).

Large monorepos using Git's background maintenance to build and update
commit-graph files could use an easy switch to enable this feature
without a foreground computation. In this commit, we're proposing a new
config option "commitGraph.changedPaths":

* If "true", "git commit-graph write" will write Bloom filters,
  equivalent to passing "--changed-paths";
* If "false" or "unset", Bloom filters will be written during "git
  commit-graph write" only if the filters already exist in the current
  commit-graph file. This matches the default behaviour of "git
  commit-graph write" without any "--[no-]changed-paths" option. Note
  "false" can disable a previous "true" config value but doesn't imply
  "--no-changed-paths".

This config will always respect the precedence of command line option
"--[no-]changed-paths".

We also set this new config as optional recommended config in scalar to
turn on this feature for large repos.

Helped-by: Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Emily Yang <emilyyang.git@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-22 10:40:11 -07:00
Junio C Hamano f2bf477c7e Merge branch 'jt/repo-structure' into ps/ref-peeled-tags
* jt/repo-structure:
  builtin/repo: add progress meter for structure stats
  builtin/repo: add keyvalue and nul format for structure stats
  builtin/repo: add object counts in structure output
  builtin/repo: introduce structure subcommand
  ref-filter: export ref_kind_from_refname()
  ref-filter: allow NULL filter pattern
  builtin/repo: rename repo_info() to cmd_repo_info()
2025-10-22 07:47:24 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 6131a76399 Merge branch 'tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1' into ps/ref-peeled-tags
* tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1: (49 commits)
  builtin/repack.c: clean up unused `#include`s
  repack: move `write_cruft_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `write_filtered_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `pack_kept_objects` to `struct pack_objects_args`
  repack: move `finish_pack_objects_cmd()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: pass `write_pack_opts` to `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`
  repack: extract `write_pack_opts_is_local()`
  repack: move `find_pack_prefix()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: use `write_pack_opts` within `write_cruft_pack()`
  builtin/repack.c: introduce `struct write_pack_opts`
  repack: 'write_midx_included_packs' API from the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: inline packs within `write_midx_included_packs()`
  builtin/repack.c: pass `repack_write_midx_opts` to `midx_included_packs`
  builtin/repack.c: inline `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  builtin/repack.c: reorder `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  repack: keep track of MIDX pack names using existing_packs
  builtin/repack.c: use a string_list for 'midx_pack_names'
  builtin/repack.c: extract opts struct for 'write_midx_included_packs()'
  builtin/repack.c: remove ref snapshotting from builtin
  repack: remove pack_geometry API from the builtin
  ...
2025-10-22 07:47:01 -07:00
Justin Tobler 16a93c03c7 builtin/repo: add progress meter for structure stats
When using the structure subcommand for git-repo(1), evaluating a
repository may take some time depending on its shape. Add a progress
meter to provide feedback to the user about what is happening. The
progress meter is enabled by default when the command is executed from a
tty. It can also be explicitly enabled/disabled via the --[no-]progress
option.

Signed-off-by: Justin Tobler <jltobler@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-21 14:40:38 -07:00
Justin Tobler 17215675b5 builtin/repo: add keyvalue and nul format for structure stats
All repository structure stats are outputted in a human-friendly table
form. This format is not suitable for machine parsing. Add a --format
option that supports three output modes: `table`, `keyvalue`, and `nul`.
The `table` mode is the default format and prints the same table output
as before.

With the `keyvalue` mode, each line of output contains a key-value pair
of a repository stat. The '=' character is used to delimit between keys
and values. The `nul` mode is similar to `keyvalue`, but key-values are
delimited by a NUL character instead of a newline. Also, instead of a
'=' character to delimit between keys and values, a newline character is
used. This allows stat values to support special characters without
having to cquote them. These two new modes provides output that is more
machine-friendly.

Signed-off-by: Justin Tobler <jltobler@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-21 14:40:38 -07:00
Justin Tobler eb5cf58ffc builtin/repo: add object counts in structure output
The amount of objects in a repository can provide insight regarding its
shape. To surface this information, use the path-walk API to count the
number of reachable objects in the repository by object type. All
regular references are used to determine the reachable set of objects.
The object counts are appended to the same table containing the
reference information.

Signed-off-by: Justin Tobler <jltobler@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-21 14:40:38 -07:00
Justin Tobler bbb2b93348 builtin/repo: introduce structure subcommand
The structure of a repository's history can have huge impacts on the
performance and health of the repository itself. Currently, Git lacks a
means to surface repository metrics regarding its structure/shape via a
single command. Acquiring this information requires users to be familiar
with the relevant data points and the various Git commands required to
surface them. To fill this gap, supplemental tools such as git-sizer(1)
have been developed.

To allow users to more readily identify repository structure related
information, introduce the "structure" subcommand in git-repo(1). The
goal of this subcommand is to eventually provide similar functionality
to git-sizer(1), but natively in Git.

The initial version of this command only iterates through all references
in the repository and tracks the count of branches, tags, remote refs,
and other reference types. The corresponding information is displayed in
a human-friendly table formatted in a very similar manner to
git-sizer(1). The width of each table column is adjusted automatically
to satisfy the requirements of the widest row contained.

Subsequent commits will surface additional relevant data points to
output and also provide other more machine-friendly output formats.

Based-on-patch-by: Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Justin Tobler <jltobler@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-21 14:40:37 -07:00
Justin Tobler 026ad60160 builtin/repo: rename repo_info() to cmd_repo_info()
Subcommand functions are often prefixed with `cmd_` to denote that they
are an entrypoint. Rename repo_info() to cmd_repo_info() accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Justin Tobler <jltobler@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-21 14:40:37 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 8bca1c5d59 Merge branch 'tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1' into ps/maintenance-geometric
* tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1: (64 commits)
  builtin/repack.c: clean up unused `#include`s
  repack: move `write_cruft_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `write_filtered_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `pack_kept_objects` to `struct pack_objects_args`
  repack: move `finish_pack_objects_cmd()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: pass `write_pack_opts` to `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`
  repack: extract `write_pack_opts_is_local()`
  repack: move `find_pack_prefix()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: use `write_pack_opts` within `write_cruft_pack()`
  builtin/repack.c: introduce `struct write_pack_opts`
  repack: 'write_midx_included_packs' API from the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: inline packs within `write_midx_included_packs()`
  builtin/repack.c: pass `repack_write_midx_opts` to `midx_included_packs`
  builtin/repack.c: inline `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  builtin/repack.c: reorder `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  repack: keep track of MIDX pack names using existing_packs
  builtin/repack.c: use a string_list for 'midx_pack_names'
  builtin/repack.c: extract opts struct for 'write_midx_included_packs()'
  builtin/repack.c: remove ref snapshotting from builtin
  repack: remove pack_geometry API from the builtin
  ...
2025-10-21 11:39:31 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 8329f6724b Merge branch 'tb/cat-file-objectmode-update'
Code clean-up.

* tb/cat-file-objectmode-update:
  builtin/cat-file.c: simplify calling `report_object_status()`
2025-10-20 14:12:18 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt ecad863c12 packfile: rename `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
In a preceding commit we have removed `packfile_store_get_packs()`. With
this function removed it's somewhat useless to still have the "all"
infix in `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`. Rename the latter to drop
that infix.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 14:42:40 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 86d8c62f48 packfile: introduce macro to iterate through packs
We have a bunch of different sites that want to iterate through all
packs of a given `struct packfile_store`. This pattern is somewhat
verbose and repetitive, which makes it somewhat cumbersome.

Introduce a new macro `repo_for_each_pack()` that removes some of the
boilerplate.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 14:42:39 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt fdebc5d4da builtin/grep: simplify how we preload packs
When using multiple threads in git-grep(1) we eagerly preload both the
gitmodules file as well as the packfiles so that the threads won't race
with one another to initialize these data structures.

For packfiles, this is done by calling `packfile_store_get_packs()`,
which first loads our packfiles and then returns a pointer to the first
such packfile. This pointer is ignored though, as all we really care
about is that `packfile_store_prepare()` was called.

Historically, that function was file-local to "packfile.c", but that
changed with 4188332569 (packfile: move `get_multi_pack_index()` into
"midx.c", 2025-09-02). We can thus simplify the code by calling that
function directly.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 14:42:39 -07:00
Patrick Steinhardt 07fbf2be2f builtin/gc: convert to use `packfile_store_get_all_packs()`
When running maintenance tasks via git-maintenance(1) we have a couple
of auto-conditions that check whether or not a specific task should be
running. One such check is for incremental repacks, which essentially
use `git multi-pack-index repack` to repack a set of smaller packfiles
into one larger packfile.

The auto-condition for this task checks how many packfiles there are
that aren't indexed by any multi-pack index. If there is a sufficient
number then we execute the above command to combine those into a single
pack and add that pack to the MIDX.

As we don't care about MIDX'd packs we use `packfile_store_get_packs()`,
which knows to not load any packs that are indexed by a MIDX. But as
explained in the preceding commit, we want to get rid of that function.

We already handle packfiles that have a MIDX by the very nature of this
function, as we explicitly count non-MIDX'd packs. As such, we can
trivially switch over to use `packfile_store_get_all_packs()` instead.

Do so.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 14:42:39 -07:00
Junio C Hamano 057a94fbbb Merge branch 'tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1' into ps/remove-packfile-store-get-packs
* tb/incremental-midx-part-3.1: (64 commits)
  builtin/repack.c: clean up unused `#include`s
  repack: move `write_cruft_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `write_filtered_pack()` out of the builtin
  repack: move `pack_kept_objects` to `struct pack_objects_args`
  repack: move `finish_pack_objects_cmd()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: pass `write_pack_opts` to `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`
  repack: extract `write_pack_opts_is_local()`
  repack: move `find_pack_prefix()` out of the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: use `write_pack_opts` within `write_cruft_pack()`
  builtin/repack.c: introduce `struct write_pack_opts`
  repack: 'write_midx_included_packs' API from the builtin
  builtin/repack.c: inline packs within `write_midx_included_packs()`
  builtin/repack.c: pass `repack_write_midx_opts` to `midx_included_packs`
  builtin/repack.c: inline `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  builtin/repack.c: reorder `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
  repack: keep track of MIDX pack names using existing_packs
  builtin/repack.c: use a string_list for 'midx_pack_names'
  builtin/repack.c: extract opts struct for 'write_midx_included_packs()'
  builtin/repack.c: remove ref snapshotting from builtin
  repack: remove pack_geometry API from the builtin
  ...
2025-10-16 14:42:27 -07:00
Taylor Blau 935ab44a0a builtin/repack.c: clean up unused `#include`s
Over the past several dozen commits, we have moved a large amount of
functionality out of the repack builtin and into other files like
repack.c, repack-cruft.c, repack-filtered.c, repack-midx.c, and
repack-promisor.c.

These files specify the minimal set of `#include`s that they need to
compile successfully, but we did not change the set of `#include`s in
the repack builtin itself.

Now that the code movement is complete, let's clean up that set of
`#include`s and trim down the builtin to include the minimal amount of
external headers necessary to compile.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:57 -07:00
Taylor Blau 09797bd966 repack: move `write_cruft_pack()` out of the builtin
In an identical fashion as the previous commit, move the function
`write_cruft_pack()` into its own compilation unit, and make the
function visible through the repack.h API.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:57 -07:00
Taylor Blau 7ac4231b42 repack: move `write_filtered_pack()` out of the builtin
In a similar fashion as in previous commits, move the function
`write_filtered_pack()` out of the builtin and into its own compilation
unit.

This function is now part of the repack.h API, but implemented in its
own "repack-filtered.c" unit as it is a separate component from other
kinds of repacking operations.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:57 -07:00
Taylor Blau d278970aef repack: move `pack_kept_objects` to `struct pack_objects_args`
The "pack_kept_objects" variable is defined as static to the repack
builtin, but is inherently related to the pack-objects arguments that
the builtin uses when generating new packs.

Move that field into the "struct pack_objects_args", and shuffle around
where we append the corresponding command-line option when preparing a
pack-objects process. Specifically:

 - `write_cruft_pack()` always wants to pass "--honor-pack-keep", so
   explicitly set the `pack_kept_objects` field to "0" when initializing
   the `write_pack_opts` struct before calling `write_cruft_pack()`.

 - `write_filtered_pack()` no longer needs to handle writing the
   command-line option "--honor-pack-keep" when preparing a pack-objects
   process, since its call to `prepare_pack_objects()` will have already
   taken care of that.

   `write_filtered_pack()` also reads the `pack_kept_objects` field to
   determine whether to write the existing kept packs with a leading "^"
   character, so update that to read through the `po_args` pointer
   instead.

 - `cmd_repack()` also no longer has to write the "--honor-pack-keep"
   flag explicitly, since this is also handled via its call to
   `prepare_pack_objects()`.

Since there is a default value for "pack_kept_objects" that relies on
whether or not we are writing a bitmap (and not writing a MIDX), extract
a default initializer for `struct pack_objects_args` that keeps this
conditional default behavior.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:57 -07:00
Taylor Blau fa0787a6cc repack: move `finish_pack_objects_cmd()` out of the builtin
In a similar spirit as the previous commit(s), now that the function
`finish_pack_objects_cmd()` has no explicit dependencies within the
repack builtin, let's extract it.

This prepares us to extract the remaining two functions within the
repack builtin that explicitly write packfiles, which are
`write_cruft_pack()` and `write_filtered_pack()`, which will be done in
the future commits.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 80db3cd189 builtin/repack.c: pass `write_pack_opts` to `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`
To prepare to move the `finish_pack_objects_cmd()` function out of the
builtin and into the repack.h API, there are a couple of things we need
to do first:

 - First, let's take advantage of `write_pack_opts_is_local()` function
   introduced in the previous commit instead of passing "local"
   explicitly.

 - Let's also avoid referring to the static 'packtmp' field within
   builtin/repack.c by instead accessing it through the write_pack_opts
   argument.

There are three callers which need to adjust themselves in order to
account for this change. The callers which reside in write_cruft_pack()
and write_filtered_pack() both already have an "opts" in scope, so they
can pass it through transparently.

The other call (at the bottom of `cmd_repack()`) needs to initialize its
own write_pack_opts to pass the necessary fields over to the direct call
to `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 2f79c79bba repack: extract `write_pack_opts_is_local()`
Similar to the previous commit, the functions `write_cruft_pack()` and
`write_filtered_pack()` both compute a "local" variable via the exact
same mechanism:

    const char *scratch;
    int local = skip_prefix(opts->destination, opts->packdir, &scratch);

Not only does this cause us to repeat the same pair of lines, it also
introduces an unnecessary "scratch" variable that is common between both
functions.

Instead of repeating ourselves, let's extract that functionality into a
new function in the repack.h API called "write_pack_opts_is_local()".
That function takes a pointer to a "struct write_pack_opts" (which has
as fields both "destination" and "packdir"), and can encapsulate the
dangling "scratch" field.

Extract that function and make it visible within the repack.h API, and
use it within both `write_cruft_pack()` and `write_filtered_pack()`.
While we're at it, match our modern conventions by returning a "bool"
instead of "int", and use `starts_with()` instead of `skip_prefix()` to
avoid storing the dummy "scratch" variable.

The remaining duplication (that is, that both `write_cruft_pack()` and
`write_filtered_pack()` still both call `write_pack_opts_is_local()`)
will be addressed in the following commit.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 98fa0d50a7 repack: move `find_pack_prefix()` out of the builtin
Both callers within the repack builtin which call functions that take a
'write_pack_opts' structure have the following pattern:

    struct write_pack_opts opts = {
        .packdir = packdir,
        .packtmp = packtmp,
        .pack_prefix = find_pack_prefix(packdir, packtmp),
        /* ... */
    };
    int ret = write_some_kind_of_pack(&opts, /* ... */);

, but both "packdir" and "packtmp" are fields within the write_pack_opts
struct itself!

Instead of also computing the pack_prefix ahead of time, let's have the
callees compute it themselves by moving `find_pack_prefix()` out of the
repack builtin, and have it take a write_pack_opts pointer instead of
the "packdir" and "packtmp" fields directly.

This avoids the callers having to do some prep work that is common
between the two of them, but also avoids the potential pitfall of
accidentally writing:

    .pack_prefix = find_pack_prefix(packtmp, packdir),

(which is well-typed) when the caller meant to instead write:

    .pack_prefix = find_pack_prefix(packdir, packtmp),

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 3d2ac2065e builtin/repack.c: use `write_pack_opts` within `write_cruft_pack()`
Similar to the changes made in the previous commit to
`write_filtered_pack()`, teach `write_cruft_pack()` to take a
`write_pack_opts` struct and use that where possible.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 7a9c81a38d builtin/repack.c: introduce `struct write_pack_opts`
There are various functions within the 'repack' builtin which are
responsible for writing different kinds of packs. They include:

 - `static int write_filtered_pack(...)`
 - `static int write_cruft_pack(...)`

as well as the function `finish_pack_objects_cmd()`, which is
responsible for finalizing a new pack write, and recording the checksum
of its contents in the 'names' list.

Both of these `write_` functions have a few things in common. They both
take a pointer to the 'pack_objects_args' struct, as well as a pair of
character pointers for `destination` and `pack_prefix`.

Instead of repeating those arguments for each function, let's extract an
options struct called "write_pack_opts" which has these three parameters
as member fields. While we're at it, add fields for "packdir," and
"packtmp", both of which are static variables within the builtin, and
need to be read from within these two functions.

This will shorten the list of parameters that callers have to provide to
`write_filtered_pack()`, avoid ambiguity when passing multiple variables
of the same type, and provide a unified interface for the two functions
mentioned earlier.

(Note that "pack_prefix" can be derived on the fly as a function of
"packdir" and "packtmp", making it unnecessary to store "pack_prefix"
explicitly. This commit ignores that potential cleanup in the name of
doing as few things as possible, but a later commit will make that
change.)

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 6d05eb135f repack: 'write_midx_included_packs' API from the builtin
Now that we have sufficiently cleaned up the write_midx_included_packs()
function, we can move it (along with the struct repack_write_midx_opts)
out of the builtin, and into the repack.h header.

Since this function (and the static ones that it depends on) are
MIDX-specific details of the repacking process, move them to the
repack-midx.c compilation unit instead of the general repack.c one.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau f17757487b builtin/repack.c: inline packs within `write_midx_included_packs()`
To write a MIDX at the end of a repack operation, 'git repack' presently
computes the set of packs to write into the MIDX, before invoking
`write_midx_included_packs()` with a `string_list` containing those
packs.

The logic for computing which packs are supposed to appear in the
resulting MIDX is within `midx_included_packs()`, where it is aware of
details like which cruft pack(s) were written/combined, if/how we did a
geometric repack, etc.

Computing this list ourselves before providing it to the sole function
to make use of that list `write_midx_included_packs()` is somewhat
awkward. In the future, repack will learn how to write incremental
MIDXs, which will use a very different pack selection routine.

Instead of doing something like:

    struct string_list included_packs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
    if (incremental) {
        midx_incremental_included_packs(&included_packs, ...):
        write_midx_incremental_included_packs(&included_packs, ...);
    } else {
        midx_included_packs(&included_packs, ...):
        write_midx_included_packs(&included_packs, ...);
    }

in the future, let's have each function that writes a MIDX be
responsible for itself computing the list of included packs. Inline the
declaration and initialization of `included_packs` into the
`write_midx_included_packs()` function itself, and repeat that pattern
in the future when we introduce new ways to write MIDXs.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau f07263fd9f builtin/repack.c: pass `repack_write_midx_opts` to `midx_included_packs`
Instead of passing individual parameters (in this case, "existing",
"names", and "geometry") to `midx_included_packs()`, pass a pointer to a
`repack_write_midx_opts` structure instead.

Besides reducing the number of parameters necessary to call the
`midx_included_packs` function, this refactoring sets us up nicely to
inline the call to `midx_included_packs()` into
`write_midx_included_packs()`, thus making the caller (in this case,
`cmd_repack()`) oblivious to the set of packs being written into the
MIDX.

In order to do this, `repack_write_midx_opts` has to keep track of the
set of existing packs, so add an additional field to point to that set.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 337baea721 builtin/repack.c: inline `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
After writing a new MIDX, the repack command removes any bitmaps
belonging to packs which were written into the MIDX.

This is currently done in a separate function outside of
`write_midx_included_packs()`, which forces the caller to keep track of
the set of packs written into the MIDX.

Prepare to no longer require the caller to keep track of such
information by inlining the clean-up into `write_midx_included_packs()`.
Future commits will make the caller oblivious to the set of packs
included in the MIDX altogether.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 42088e3d4a builtin/repack.c: reorder `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
The next commit will inline the call to `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`
into `write_midx_included_packs()`. Reorder these two functions to avoid
a forward declaration to `remove_redundant_bitmaps()`.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:56 -07:00
Taylor Blau 2fee63a71a repack: keep track of MIDX pack names using existing_packs
Instead of storing the list of MIDX pack names separately, let's inline
it into the existing_packs struct, further reducing the number of
parameters we have to pass around.

This amounts to adding a new string_list to the existing_packs struct,
and populating it via `existing_packs_collect()`. This is fairly
straightforward to do, since we are already looping over all packs, all
we need to do is:

    if (p->multi_pack_index)
        string_list_append(&existing->midx_packs, pack_basename(p));

Note, however, that this check *must* come before other conditions where
we discard and do not keep track of a pack, including the condition "if
(!p->pack_local)" immediately below. This is because the existing
routine which collects MIDX pack names does so blindly, and does not
discard, for example, non-local packs.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau c3690c97d7 builtin/repack.c: use a string_list for 'midx_pack_names'
When writing a new MIDX, repack must determine whether or not there are
any packs in the MIDX it is replacing (if one exists) that are not
somehow represented in the new MIDX (e.g., either by preserving the pack
verbatim, or rolling it up as part of a geometric repack, etc.).

In order to do this, it keeps track of a list of pack names from the
MIDX present in the repository at the start of the repack operation.
Since we manipulate and close the object store, we cannot rely on the
repository's in-core representation of the MIDX, since this is subject
to change and/or go away.

When this behavior was introduced in 5ee86c273b (repack: exclude cruft
pack(s) from the MIDX where possible, 2025-06-23), we maintained an
array of character pointers instead of using a convenience API, such as
string-list.h.

Store the list of MIDX pack names in a string_list, thereby reducing the
number of parameters we have to pass to `midx_has_unknown_packs()`.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau e6b0907721 builtin/repack.c: extract opts struct for 'write_midx_included_packs()'
The function 'write_midx_included_packs()', which is responsible for
writing a new MIDX with a given set of included packs, currently takes a
list of six arguments.

In order to extract this function out of the builtin, we have to pass
in a few additional parameters, like 'midx_must_contain_cruft' and
'packdir', which are currently declared as static variables within the
builtin/repack.c compilation unit.

Instead of adding additional parameters to `write_midx_included_packs()`
extract out an "opts" struct that names these parameters, and pass a
pointer to that, making it less cumbersome to add additional parameters.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau ccb7f822d5 builtin/repack.c: remove ref snapshotting from builtin
When writing a MIDX, 'git repack' takes a snapshot of the repository's
references and writes the result out to a file, which it then passes to
'git multi-pack-index write' via the '--refs-snapshot'.

This is done in order to make bitmap selections with respect to what we
are packing, thus avoiding a race where an incoming reference update
causes us to try and write a bitmap for a commit not present in the
MIDX.

Extract this functionality out into a new repack-midx.c compilation
unit, and expose the necessary functions via the repack.h API.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau 62d3fa09b3 repack: remove pack_geometry API from the builtin
Now that the pack_geometry API is fully factored and isolated from the
rest of the builtin, declare it within repack.h and move its
implementation to "repack-geometry.c" as a separate component.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau b2ebeed1d8 builtin/repack.c: pass 'packdir' to `pack_geometry_remove_redundant()`
For similar reasons as the preceding commit, pass the "packdir" variable
directly to `pack_geometry_remove_redundant()` as a parameter to the
function.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau 2a15a739a2 builtin/repack.c: pass 'pack_kept_objects' to `pack_geometry_init()`
Prepare to move pack_geometry-related APIs to their own compilation unit
by passing in the static "pack_kept_objects" variable directly as a
parameter to the 'pack_geometry_init()' function.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau e05c2d5566 builtin/repack.c: rename various pack_geometry functions
Rename functions which work with 'struct pack_geometry' to begin with
"pack_geometry_". While we're at it, change `free_pack_geometry()` to
instead be named `pack_geometry_release()` to match our conventions, and
make clear that that function frees the contents of the struct, not the
memory allocated to hold the struct itself.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau 29e935515d builtin/repack.c: remove "repack_promisor_objects()" from the builtin
Now that we have properly factored the portion of the builtin which is
responsible for repacking promisor objects, we can move that function
(and associated dependencies) out of the builtin entirely.

Similar to previous extractions, this function is declared in repack.h,
but implemented in a separate repack-promisor.c file. This is done to
separate promisor-specific repacking functionality from generic repack
utilities (like "existing_packs", and "generated_pack" APIs).

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau bebf941f7d builtin/repack.c: pass "packtmp" to `repack_promisor_objects()`
In a similar spirit as previous commit(s), pass the "packtmp" variable
to "repack_promisor_objects()" as an explicit parameter of the function,
preparing us to move this function in a following commit.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau f053ab6c2b repack: remove 'generated_pack' API from the builtin
Now that we have factored the "generated_pack" API, we can move it to
repack.ch, further slimming down builtin/repack.c.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:55 -07:00
Taylor Blau 7036d131ae builtin/repack.c: provide pack locations to `generated_pack_install()`
Repeat what was done in the preceding commit for the
`generated_pack_install()` function, which needs both "packdir" and
"packtmp".

(As an aside, it is somewhat unfortunate that the final three parameters
to this function are all "const char *", making errors like passing
"packdir" and "packtmp" in the wrong order easy. We could define a new
structure here, but that may be too heavy-handed.)

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau 184f0abeb8 builtin/repack.c: pass "packtmp" to `generated_pack_populate()`
In a similar spirit as previous commits, this function needs to know the
temporary pack prefix, which it currently accesses through the static
"packtmp" variable within builtin/repack.c.

Pass it explicitly as a function parameter to facilitate moving this
function out of builtin/repack.c entirely.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau c0427692cb builtin/repack.c: factor out "generated_pack_install"
Once all new packs are known to exist, 'repack' installs their contents
from their temporary location into their permanent one. This is a
semi-involved procedure for each pack, since for each extension (e.g.,
".idx", ".pack", ".mtimes", and so on) we have to either:

 - adjust the filemode of the temporary file before renaming it into
   place, or

 - die() if we are missing a non-optional extension, or

 - unlink() any existing file for extensions that we did not generate
   (e.g., if a non-cruft pack we generated was identical to, say, a
   cruft pack which existed at the beginning of the process, we have to
   remove the ".mtimes" file).

Extract this procedure into its own function, and call it
"generated_pack_install"(). This will set us up for pulling this
function out of the builtin entirely and making it part of the repack.h
API, which will be done in a future commit.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau 2b72c12367 builtin/repack.c: rename "struct generated_pack_data"
The name "generated_pack_data" is somewhat redundant, since the contents
of the struct *is* the data associated with the generated pack.

Rename the structure to just "generated_pack", resulting in less awkward
function names, like "generated_pack_has_ext()" which is preferable to
"generated_pack_data_has_ext()".

Rename a few related functions to align with the convention that
functions to do with a struct "S" should be prefixed with "S_".

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau 7d1f442588 repack: remove 'existing_packs' API from the builtin
The repack builtin defines an API for keeping track of which packs
were found in the repository at the beginning of the repack operation.
This is used to classify what state a pack was in (kept, non-kept, or
cruft), and is also used to mark which packs to delete (or keep) at the
end of a repack operation.

Now that the prerequisite refactoring is complete, this API is isolated
enough that it can be moved out to repack.[ch] and removed from the
builtin entirely.

As a result, some of its functions become static within repack.c,
cleaning up the visible API.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau dab24e4bcb builtin/repack.c: avoid unnecessary numeric casts in existing_packs
There are a couple of spots that cause warnings within the
existing_packs API without DISABLE_SIGN_COMPARE_WARNINGS under
DEVELOPER=1 mode.

In both cases, we have int values that are being compared against size_t
ones. Neither of these two cases are incorrect, and the cast is
completely OK in practice. But both are unnecessary, since:

 - in existing_packs_mark_for_deletion_1(), 'hexsz' should be defined as
   a size_t anyway, since algop->hexsz is.

 - in existing_packs_collect(), 'i' should be defined as a size_t since
   it is counting up to the value of a string_list's 'nr' field.

(This patch is a little bit of noise, but I would rather see us squelch
these warnings ahead of moving the existing_packs API into a separate
compilation unit to avoid having to define DISABLE_SIGN_COMPARE_WARNINGS
in repack.c.)

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau 9574e8f31d builtin/repack.c: pass "packdir" when removing packs
builtin/repack.c defines a static "packdir" to instruct pack-objects on
where to write any new packfiles. This is also the directory scanned
when removing any packfiles which were made redundant by the latest
repack.

Prepare to move the "existing_packs_remove_redundant" function to its
own compilation unit by passing in this information as a parameter to
that function.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau f905f49c68 repack: remove 'remove_redundant_pack' from the builtin
Extract "remove_redundant_pack()" as generic repack-related
functionality by moving its implementation to the repack.[ch]
compilation unit.

This is a prerequisite to moving the "existing_packs" API, which is one
of the callers of this function. (The remaining caller in the pack
geometry code will eventually move to its own compilation unit as well,
and will likewise rely on this function.)

While moving it over, prefix the function name with "repack_" to
indicate that it belongs to the repack-subsystem.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau a0dcecb146 builtin/repack.c: rename many 'struct existing_packs' functions
Rename many of the 'struct existing_packs'-related functions according
to the convention introduced in and described by 541204aabe
(Documentation: document naming schema for structs and their functions,
2024-07-30).

Note that some functions which operate over an individual entry in the
list of existing packs are prefixed with "existing_pack_" instead of the
plural form.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau 7005d2594b repack: remove 'prepare_pack_objects' from the builtin
Now that the 'prepare_pack_objects' function no longer refers to
external, static variables, move it out to repack.h as generic
functionality.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau e35ef71e00 repack: move 'delta_base_offset' to 'struct pack_objects_args'
The static variable 'delta_base_offset' determines whether or not we
pass the "--delta-base-offset" command-line argument when spawning
pack-objects as a child process. Its introduction dates back to when
repack was rewritten in C, all the way back in a1bbc6c017 (repack:
rewrite the shell script in C, 2013-09-15).

'struct pack_objects_args' was introduced much later on in 4571324b99
(builtin/repack.c: allow configuring cruft pack generation, 2022-05-20),
but did not move the 'delta_base_offset' variable.

Since the 'delta_base_offset' is a property of an individual
pack-objects command, re-introduce that variable as a member of 'struct
pack_objects_args', which will enable further code movement in the
subsequent commits.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:54 -07:00
Taylor Blau 19f6e8d023 builtin/repack.c: pass both pack_objects args to repack_config
A subsequent commit will remove 'delta_base_offset' as a static variable
within builtin/repack.c, and reintroduce it as a member of the 'struct
pack_objects_args'.

As a result, the repack_config callback will need to have both the
cruft- and non-cruft 'struct pack_objects_args's in scope. Introduce a
new 'struct repack_config_ctx' to allow the callee to provide both
pointers to the callback.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:53 -07:00
Taylor Blau c7a120722e repack: introduce new compilation unit
Over the years, builtin/repack.c has turned into a grab-bag of
functionality powering the 'git repack' builtin. Among its many
capabilities, it:

 - can build and spawn 'git pack-objects' commands, which in turn
   generate new packs
 - has infrastructure to manage the set of existing packs in a
   repository
 - has infrastructure to split a sequence of packs into a geometric
   progression based on object size
 - can manage both generating and combining cruft packs together
 - can write new MIDXs

to name a few.

As a result, this builtin has accumulated a lot of code, making adding
new functionality difficult. In the future, 'repack' will learn how to
manage a chain of incremental MIDXs, adding yet more functionality into
the builtin.

As a prerequisite step, let's first move some of the functionality in
the builtin into its own repack.[ch].

This will be done over the course of many steps, since there are many
individual components, some of which will end up in other, yet-to-exist
compilation units of their own. Some of the code movement here is also
non-trivial, so performing it in individual steps will make it easier to
verify.

Let's start by migrating 'struct pack_objects_args' (and the related
corresponding pack_objects_args_release() function) into repack.h, and
teach both the Makefile and Meson how to build the new compilation unit.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2025-10-16 10:08:53 -07:00