I have been feeling that the current behaviour of "git reset" is
not quite optimal, but so far could not express exactly what I
felt was wrong with it. This patch clarifies it.
There are at least two situations you may want to "reset" your
working tree.
1. You made a mess in your working tree. You want to switch
back to a known good state and start over. This mess may be
a result of your own editing, a merge that had too many
conflicting changes that you do not feel like to resolve by
hand at this moment, or a botched application of a patch you
received from somewhere.
In this case, you would want to have "git reset HEAD" reset
the index file to the tree read from the HEAD commit and the
files in the working tree to match index (i.e. "git status"
should say "Nothing to commit", without any "unrecorded
changes").
The current behaviour leaves the files in the working tree
intact, which requires you to run "git checkout -f". Also
you need to remember "rm -f" any files that the botched patch
may have left in the working tree if the purpose of this
"reset" is to attempt to apply it again; most likely the
patch would fail if such a file is left behind.
2. You have discovered that commits you made earlier need to be
reorganized. The simplest example is to undo the last
commit, re-edit some files, and redo the commit. Another
simple eample is to undo the last two commits, and commit the
changes in those two commits as a single commit.
In this case, you would want to have "git reset HEAD^" reset
the $GIT_DIR/HEAD to the commit object name of the parent
commit of the current commit (i.e. rewinding one commit),
leave the index file and the files in the working tree in a
state where you can easily make a commit that records a tree
that resembles what you have in the current index file and
the working tree.
The current behaviour is almost OK for this purpose, except
that you need to find which files you need to manually run
"git add" yourself. They are files that are in the original
HEAD commit and not in the commit you are resetting to.
The default without the type flag is to do "--mixed", which is
the current behaviour.
$ git reset [ --hard | --soft | --mixed ] [ <commit-ish> ]
A hard reset would be used for 1 and works in this way:
(1) remember the set of paths that appear in the current
index file (which may even have unmerged entries) and
the current $GIT_DIR/HEAD commit.
(2) "read-tree --reset" the specified <commit-ish> (default
to HEAD), followed by "checkout-cache -f -u -a".
(3) remove any files that appear in (1) but not in
<commit-ish> from the working tree.
(4) backup $GIT_DIR/HEAD to $GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD and update
$GIT_DIR/HEAD with the specified <commit-ish>.
(5) remove leftover $GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD
A soft reset would be used for 2 and works in this way:
(1) Make sure that the index file is merged and we do not
have MERGE_HEAD; otherwise it does not make sense to do
soft reset.
(2) backup $GIT_DIR/HEAD to $GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD and update
$GIT_DIR/HEAD with the specified <commit-ish>.
Note that with the current behaviour, "git diff" is the way to
see what could be committed immediately after "git reset". With
the "soft reset" described here you would need to say "git diff
HEAD" to find that out.
I am not sure what mixed reset (the current behaviour) is good
for. If nobody comes up with a good use case it may not be a
bad idea to remove it.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
When showing only one branch a lot of default output becomes redundant,
so clean it up a bit, and document what is shown. Retire the earlier
implementation "git-show-branches-script".
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
The 'git show-branches' command turns out to be reasonably useful,
but painfully slow. So rewrite it in C, using ideas from merge-base
while enhancing it a bit more.
- Unlike show-branches, it can take --heads (show me all my
heads), --tags (show me all my tags), or --all (both).
- It can take --more=<number> to show beyond the merge-base.
- It shows the short name for each commit in the extended SHA1
syntax.
- It can find merge-base for more than two heads.
Examples:
$ git show-branch --more=6 HEAD
is almost the same as "git log --pretty=oneline --max-count=6".
$ git show-branch --merge-base master mhf misc
finds the merge base of the three given heads.
$ git show-branch master mhf misc
shows logs from the top of these three branch heads, up to their
common ancestor commit is shown.
$ git show-branch --all --more=10
is poor-man's gitk, showing all the tags and heads, and
going back 10 commits beyond the merge base of those refs.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
The new notation is a short-hand for <name> followed by <num>
caret ('^') characters. E.g. "master~4" is the fourth
generation ancestor of the current "master" branch head,
following the first parents; same as "master^^^^" but a bit
more readable.
This will be used in the updated "git show-branch" command.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
When "git-diff-script A..B" notation was introduced, it ended up breaking
the traditional two revisions notation.
[jc: there are other issues with the current "git diff" I would like to
address, but they would be left to later rounds. For example, -M and -p flags
should not be hardcoded default, and it shouldn't be too hard to rewrite
the script without using shell arrays.]
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
This generalizes the git "glob" string to be a lot more like the
git-diff-* pathspecs (but there are still differences: the diff family
doesn't do any globbing, and because the diff family always generates the
full native pathname, it doesn't have the issue with "..").
It does three things:
- it allows multiple matching strings, ie you can do things like
git-ls-files arch/i386/ include/asm-i386/ | xargs grep pattern
- the "matching" criteria is a combination of "exact path component
match" (the same as the git-diff-* family), and "fnmatch()". However,
you should be careful with the confusion between the git-ls-files
internal globbing and the standard shell globbing, ie
git-ls-files fs/*.c
does globbing in the shell, and does something totally different from
git-ls-files 'fs/*.c'
which does the globbing inside git-ls-files.
The latter has _one_ pathspec with a wildcard, and will match any .c
file anywhere under the fs/ directory, while the former has been
expanded by the shell into having _lots_ of pathspec entries, all of
which are just in the top-level fs/ subdirectory. They will happily
be matched exactly, but we will thus miss all the subdirectories under
fs/.
As a result, the first one will (on the current kernel) match 55 files,
while the second one will match 664 files!
- it uses the generic path prefixing, so that ".." and friends at the
beginning of the path spec work automatically
NOTE! When generating relative pathname output (the default), a
pathspec that causes the base to be outside the current working
directory will be rejected with an error message like:
fatal: git-ls-files: cannot generate relative filenames containing '..'
because we do not actually generate ".." in the output. However, the
".." format works fine for the --full-name case:
cd arch/i386/kernel
git-ls-files --full-name ../mm/
results in
arch/i386/mm/Makefile
arch/i386/mm/boot_ioremap.c
arch/i386/mm/discontig.c
arch/i386/mm/extable.c
arch/i386/mm/fault.c
arch/i386/mm/highmem.c
arch/i386/mm/hugetlbpage.c
arch/i386/mm/init.c
arch/i386/mm/ioremap.c
arch/i386/mm/mmap.c
arch/i386/mm/pageattr.c
arch/i386/mm/pgtable.c
Perhaps more commonly, the generic path prefixing means that "." and
"./" automatically get simplified and work properly.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
This makes git-ls-files work inside a relative directory, and also adds
some rudimentary filename globbing support. For example, in the kernel you
can now do
cd arch/i386
git-ls-files
and it will show all files under that subdirectory (and it will have
removed the "arch/i386/" prefix unless you give it the "--full-name"
option, so that you can feed the result to "xargs grep" or similar).
The filename globbing is kind of strange: it does _not_ follow normal
globbing rules, although it does look "almost" like a normal file glob
(and it uses the POSIX.2 "fnmatch()" function).
The glob pattern (there can be only one) is always split into a "directory
part" and a "glob part", where the directory part is defined as any full
directory path without any '*' or '?' characters. The "glob" part is
whatever is left over.
For example, when doing
git-ls-files 'arch/i386/p*/*.c'
the "directory part" is is "arch/i386/", and the "glob part" is "p*/*.c".
The directory part will be added to the prefix, and handled efficiently
(ie we will not be searching outside of that subdirectory), while the glob
part (if anything is left over) will be used to trigger "fnmatch()"
matches.
This is efficient and very useful, but can result in somewhat
non-intuitive behaviour.
For example:
git-ls-files 'arch/i386/*.[ch]'
will find all .c and .h files under arch/i386/, _including_ things in
lower subdirectories (ie it will match "arch/i386/kernel/process.c",
because "kernel/process.c" will match the "*.c" specifier).
Also, while
git-ls-files arch/i386/
will show all files under that subdirectory, doing the same without the
final slash would try to show the file "i386" under the "arch/"
subdirectory, and since there is no such file (even if there is such a
_directory_) it will not match anything at all.
These semantics may not seem intuitive, but they are actually very
practical. In particular, it makes it very simple to do
git-ls-files fs/*.c | xargs grep some_pattern
and it does what you want.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
I think Linus did a cut & paste from an early JIT code while
developing the current extended SHA1 notation, and left it there as a
courtesy, but the directory does not deserve to be treated any more
specially than, say, .git/refs/bisect.
If the subdirectories under .git/refs proliferate, we may want to
switch to scanning that hierarchy at runtime, instead of the current
hard-coded set, although I think that would be overkill.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
Subject: [PATCH] Add a new extended SHA1 syntax <name>:<num>
From: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Date: 1124617434 -0700
The new notation is a short-hand for <name> followed by <num>
caret ('^') characters. E.g. "master:4" is the fourth
generation ancestor of the current "master" branch head,
following the first parents; same as "master^^^^" but a bit more
readable.
This will be used in the updated "git show-branch" command.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
---
sha1_name.c | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
d5098ce769da46df6d45dc8f41b06dd758fdaea7
diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1_name.c
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1_name.c
@@ -191,9 +191,29 @@ static int get_parent(const char *name,
return -1;
}
+static int get_nth_ancestor(const char *name, int len,
+ unsigned char *result, int generation)
+{
+ unsigned char sha1[20];
+ int ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ while (generation--) {
+ struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+
+ if (!commit || parse_commit(commit) || !commit->parents)
+ return -1;
+ memcpy(sha1, commit->parents->item->object.sha1, 20);
+ }
+ memcpy(result, sha1, 20);
+ return 0;
+}
+
static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
{
int parent, ret;
+ const char *cp;
/* foo^[0-9] or foo^ (== foo^1); we do not do more than 9 parents. */
if (len > 2 && name[len-2] == '^' &&
@@ -210,6 +230,27 @@ static int get_sha1_1(const char *name,
if (parent >= 0)
return get_parent(name, len, sha1, parent);
+ /* name:3 is name^^^,
+ * name:12 is name^^^^^^^^^^^^, and
+ * name: is name
+ */
+ parent = 0;
+ for (cp = name + len - 1; name <= cp; cp--) {
+ int ch = *cp;
+ if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
+ continue;
+ if (ch != ':')
+ parent = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!parent && *cp == ':') {
+ int len1 = cp - name;
+ cp++;
+ while (cp < name + len)
+ parent = parent * 10 + *cp++ - '0';
+ return get_nth_ancestor(name, len1, sha1, parent);
+ }
+
ret = get_sha1_basic(name, len, sha1);
if (!ret)
return 0;
When git-commit-script is called with -v option and
verify test fails result is print on stdout
instead of stderr.
[jc: The original patch from Marco updated git-commit-script that
still had the piece of code in question, which has been moved to
an example hook script on its own, so I transplanted the patch to
that new file instead.]
Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Recent change to make sure we get commit, not tag, accidentally
removed its feature of giving a usage help message when it died.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Use the common error message format, "filename:lineno: body";
this way, problematic lines can be jumped to from the Emacs
compilation buffer by C-x `.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
This teachs git-applypatch, which is used from git-applymbox, three
hooks, similar to what git-commit-script uses.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
There are three hooks:
- 'pre-commit' is given an opportunity to inspect what is
being committed, before we invoke the EDITOR for the
commit message;
- 'commit-msg' is invoked on the commit log message after
the user prepares it;
- 'post-commit' is run after a successful commit is made.
The first two can interfere to stop the commit. The last one is
for after-the-fact notification.
The earlier built-in commit checker is now moved to pre-commit.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
After you deleted files from your working tree, automatic
git-update-cache used when the "--all" flag is given to "git
commit" barfs because it lacks the --remove flag.
It can be argued that this is a feature; people should be
careful and something with a grave consequence like removing
files should be done manually, in which case the current
behaviour may be OK.
The patch is for people who thinks the user who uses the "--all"
flag deserves the danger that comes with the convenience.
Comments?
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
When following tags, check for parse_object() success and error out
properly instead of segfaulting.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Vlasov <vsu@altlinux.ru>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
In case of a commit with an empty message there is no
mandatory empty line between headers and body
[jc: This makes --mbox output valid even when the commit message does
not have anything but its first line, which the one I wrote botched.
One side-effect is that it adds an extra blank line at the end even if
it has more than one lines, which will be eaten by the receiving end.
As Marco says, this is a stop-gap measure. This script needs to be
split into two, one that gets the format specifier and a commit ID to
write to its standard output, and another that drives that one reading
from rev-list. I'll fix things properly when that happens by
rewriting the former part in Perl or something more reasonable than
the current shell, sed and grep mishmash.]
Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
This just displays the result of git-cat-file on the tag in the
details pane. If the tag is a "direct" tag (the tag file contains
the SHA1 ID of a commit rather than a tag), we show the tag name
and SHA1 ID.
These are features requested by Junio. Any plain file under .git/refs
whose contents start with 40 hex characters is taken as a reference
and displayed like a head but with a light blue background (unless it
is in .git/refs/tags or .git/refs/heads, in which case it is displayed
as before). There is now a "Reread references" menu item in the File
menu which re-reads all the plain files under .git/refs and redisplays
any references that have changed.
It cannot be checked with #ifndef, if you really think about what it
does which cannot be done only with the preprocessor. My thinko.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Otherwise the first commit rebase makes could include whatever
dirty state the original working tree had.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
This makes git-applymbox verify that the index matches the current HEAD
before it starts applying patches.
Otherwise, you might have updated the index with unrelated changes, and
the first patch will commit not just the patch from the mbox, but also any
changes you had in your index.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Changes to the descriptions of tree and tag objects, a link for ent, and
descriptions for rewind, rebase and core git were added.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Small fix (use "git branch" to make branches, rather than "git checkout -b").
Optimization for trivial patches (apply to release and merge to test).
Three sample scripts appended.
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
This also includes a script which does the sorting, and introduces
hyperlinks for every described term.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
With --parents, git-rev-list gives us the list of parents on the
first line of each commit. We use that rather than looking for
the parent: lines in the commit body, since this way we get to
know about the grafts for free.
Based on the discussion on the git list, here are some important changes
to the glossary. (There is no cache, but an index. Use "object name"
rather than "SHA1". Reorder. Clarify.)
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
When the graph gets too wide (as defined by the maxwidth variable,
which can be set in ~/.gitk), we can now terminate graph lines with
an arrow pointing downwards, and reintroduce them later with an
arrow pointing upwards when we need them. This makes the graph much
less cluttered on large repositories such as the linux kernel.
Unfortunately this has made it slower; it takes about 10 seconds
user time on the linux-2.6 repository on my machine now, compared
to 6 seconds before. I'll have to work on optimizing that. Also
on the todo list are making the arrow heads active (so if you click
on them you jump to the other end) and improving the placement of
the null entry.
It did not check to see if the working tree was clean and matched
the commit we were starting out as, resulting in the initial rebased
commit including whatever dirty state the working tree has had.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
When we create a cheap local clone by pointing at the object databse
of the original repository, we forgot to take the alternates the original
repository might have had into account.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
The earlier one to grab output from diff-files --name-only has a grave
bug that when no paths are given it ended up doing the equivalent of
"git-commit --all", which was not what I intended.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
This also makes "./filename" acceptable as a side effect, since the
pathname normalization handles that too.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Not all programs necessarily have a pathspec array of pathnames, some of
them (like git-update-cache) want to do things one file at a time. So
export the single-path interface too.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
... in the newly introduced merge detection code.
Signed-off-by: Martin Langhoff <martin.langhoff@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Added -m and -M flags for git-cvsimport to detect merge commits in cvs.
While this trusts the commit message, in repositories where merge commits
indicate 'merged from FOOBRANCH' the import works surprisingly well.
Even if some merges from CVS are bogus or incomplete, the resulting
branches are in better state to go forward (and merge) than without any
merge detection.
Signed-off-by: Martin Langhoff <martin.langhoff@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
[jc: This is the version without asciidoc cross references;
Johannes says that the cross referenced one is generated from
this file using a Perl script, so I am placing this as the
source, and expecting to later receive the script and a Makefile
entry or two to massage this file into the final HTML or
whatever form.]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Avoid that git-format-patch writes out patch series
information on stderr when there are no errors
Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
The _remote_name variable used for messages does not need the
refs/heads/ prefix included.
Signed-off-by: Kris Shannon <kris.shannon@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
At one place in Documentation/tutorial.txt and several in the base
README, its was wrongly used in place of it's or vice versa. One
instance remains somewhere in Documentation/howto/, which I didn't
correct because it's in a quotation.
Signed-off-by: Greg Louis <glouis@dynamicro.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
I track a CVS project which has a branch with a '/' in the branch name.
Since git wants the branch name to be a file name at the same time,
substitute that character to a '-' by default (override with "-s <subst>").
This should work well, despite the fact that a division and a difference
are completely different :-)
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Junio C Hamano