You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
282 lines
10 KiB
282 lines
10 KiB
git-stash(1) |
|
============ |
|
|
|
NAME |
|
---- |
|
git-stash - Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away |
|
|
|
SYNOPSIS |
|
-------- |
|
[verse] |
|
'git stash' list [<options>] |
|
'git stash' show [<stash>] |
|
'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>] |
|
'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>] |
|
'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>] |
|
'git stash' [save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] |
|
[-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [<message>]] |
|
'git stash' clear |
|
'git stash' create [<message>] |
|
'git stash' store [-m|--message <message>] [-q|--quiet] <commit> |
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION |
|
----------- |
|
|
|
Use `git stash` when you want to record the current state of the |
|
working directory and the index, but want to go back to a clean |
|
working directory. The command saves your local modifications away |
|
and reverts the working directory to match the `HEAD` commit. |
|
|
|
The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with |
|
`git stash list`, inspected with `git stash show`, and restored |
|
(potentially on top of a different commit) with `git stash apply`. |
|
Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash save`. |
|
A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but |
|
you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when |
|
you create one. |
|
|
|
The latest stash you created is stored in `refs/stash`; older |
|
stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using |
|
the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the most recently |
|
created stash, `stash@{1}` is the one before it, `stash@{2.hours.ago}` |
|
is also possible). Stashes may also be referenced by specifying just the |
|
stash index (e.g. the integer `n` is equivalent to `stash@{n}`). |
|
|
|
OPTIONS |
|
------- |
|
|
|
save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]:: |
|
|
|
Save your local modifications to a new 'stash' and roll them |
|
back to HEAD (in the working tree and in the index). |
|
The <message> part is optional and gives |
|
the description along with the stashed state. For quickly making |
|
a snapshot, you can omit _both_ "save" and <message>, but giving |
|
only <message> does not trigger this action to prevent a misspelled |
|
subcommand from making an unwanted stash. |
|
+ |
|
If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the |
|
index are left intact. |
|
+ |
|
If the `--include-untracked` option is used, all untracked files are also |
|
stashed and then cleaned up with `git clean`, leaving the working directory |
|
in a very clean state. If the `--all` option is used instead then the |
|
ignored files are stashed and cleaned in addition to the untracked files. |
|
+ |
|
With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from the diff |
|
between HEAD and the working tree to be stashed. The stash entry is |
|
constructed such that its index state is the same as the index state |
|
of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you |
|
selected interactively. The selected changes are then rolled back |
|
from your worktree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of |
|
linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode. |
|
+ |
|
The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`. You can use |
|
`--no-keep-index` to override this. |
|
|
|
list [<options>]:: |
|
|
|
List the stashes that you currently have. Each 'stash' is listed |
|
with its name (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@{1}` is |
|
the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the |
|
stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was |
|
based on. |
|
+ |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation |
|
stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
+ |
|
The command takes options applicable to the 'git log' |
|
command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1]. |
|
|
|
show [<stash>]:: |
|
|
|
Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the |
|
stashed state and its original parent. When no `<stash>` is given, |
|
shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the diffstat, but |
|
it will accept any format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show |
|
-p stash@{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form). |
|
You can use stash.showStat and/or stash.showPatch config variables |
|
to change the default behavior. |
|
|
|
pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]:: |
|
|
|
Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it |
|
on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse |
|
operation of `git stash save`. The working directory must |
|
match the index. |
|
+ |
|
Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not |
|
removed from the stash list. You need to resolve the conflicts by hand |
|
and call `git stash drop` manually afterwards. |
|
+ |
|
If the `--index` option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working |
|
tree's changes, but also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you |
|
have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no |
|
longer apply the changes as they were originally). |
|
+ |
|
When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@{0}` is assumed, otherwise `<stash>` must |
|
be a reference of the form `stash@{<revision>}`. |
|
|
|
apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]:: |
|
|
|
Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list. Unlike `pop`, |
|
`<stash>` may be any commit that looks like a commit created by |
|
`stash save` or `stash create`. |
|
|
|
branch <branchname> [<stash>]:: |
|
|
|
Creates and checks out a new branch named `<branchname>` starting from |
|
the commit at which the `<stash>` was originally created, applies the |
|
changes recorded in `<stash>` to the new working tree and index. |
|
If that succeeds, and `<stash>` is a reference of the form |
|
`stash@{<revision>}`, it then drops the `<stash>`. When no `<stash>` |
|
is given, applies the latest one. |
|
+ |
|
This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash save` has |
|
changed enough that `git stash apply` fails due to conflicts. Since |
|
the stash is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the time |
|
`git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state with |
|
no conflicts. |
|
|
|
clear:: |
|
Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then |
|
be subject to pruning, and may be impossible to recover (see |
|
'Examples' below for a possible strategy). |
|
|
|
drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]:: |
|
|
|
Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>` |
|
is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@{0}`, otherwise |
|
`<stash>` must be a valid stash log reference of the form |
|
`stash@{<revision>}`. |
|
|
|
create:: |
|
|
|
Create a stash (which is a regular commit object) and return its |
|
object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref namespace. |
|
This is intended to be useful for scripts. It is probably not |
|
the command you want to use; see "save" above. |
|
|
|
store:: |
|
|
|
Store a given stash created via 'git stash create' (which is a |
|
dangling merge commit) in the stash ref, updating the stash |
|
reflog. This is intended to be useful for scripts. It is |
|
probably not the command you want to use; see "save" above. |
|
|
|
DISCUSSION |
|
---------- |
|
|
|
A stash is represented as a commit whose tree records the state of the |
|
working directory, and its first parent is the commit at `HEAD` when |
|
the stash was created. The tree of the second parent records the |
|
state of the index when the stash is made, and it is made a child of |
|
the `HEAD` commit. The ancestry graph looks like this: |
|
|
|
.----W |
|
/ / |
|
-----H----I |
|
|
|
where `H` is the `HEAD` commit, `I` is a commit that records the state |
|
of the index, and `W` is a commit that records the state of the working |
|
tree. |
|
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLES |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
Pulling into a dirty tree:: |
|
|
|
When you are in the middle of something, you learn that there are |
|
upstream changes that are possibly relevant to what you are |
|
doing. When your local changes do not conflict with the changes in |
|
the upstream, a simple `git pull` will let you move forward. |
|
+ |
|
However, there are cases in which your local changes do conflict with |
|
the upstream changes, and `git pull` refuses to overwrite your |
|
changes. In such a case, you can stash your changes away, |
|
perform a pull, and then unstash, like this: |
|
+ |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
$ git pull |
|
... |
|
file foobar not up to date, cannot merge. |
|
$ git stash |
|
$ git pull |
|
$ git stash pop |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
|
|
Interrupted workflow:: |
|
|
|
When you are in the middle of something, your boss comes in and |
|
demands that you fix something immediately. Traditionally, you would |
|
make a commit to a temporary branch to store your changes away, and |
|
return to your original branch to make the emergency fix, like this: |
|
+ |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
# ... hack hack hack ... |
|
$ git checkout -b my_wip |
|
$ git commit -a -m "WIP" |
|
$ git checkout master |
|
$ edit emergency fix |
|
$ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry" |
|
$ git checkout my_wip |
|
$ git reset --soft HEAD^ |
|
# ... continue hacking ... |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
+ |
|
You can use 'git stash' to simplify the above, like this: |
|
+ |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
# ... hack hack hack ... |
|
$ git stash |
|
$ edit emergency fix |
|
$ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry" |
|
$ git stash pop |
|
# ... continue hacking ... |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
|
|
Testing partial commits:: |
|
|
|
You can use `git stash save --keep-index` when you want to make two or |
|
more commits out of the changes in the work tree, and you want to test |
|
each change before committing: |
|
+ |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
# ... hack hack hack ... |
|
$ git add --patch foo # add just first part to the index |
|
$ git stash save --keep-index # save all other changes to the stash |
|
$ edit/build/test first part |
|
$ git commit -m 'First part' # commit fully tested change |
|
$ git stash pop # prepare to work on all other changes |
|
# ... repeat above five steps until one commit remains ... |
|
$ edit/build/test remaining parts |
|
$ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts' |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
|
|
Recovering stashes that were cleared/dropped erroneously:: |
|
|
|
If you mistakenly drop or clear stashes, they cannot be recovered |
|
through the normal safety mechanisms. However, you can try the |
|
following incantation to get a list of stashes that are still in your |
|
repository, but not reachable any more: |
|
+ |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
git fsck --unreachable | |
|
grep commit | cut -d\ -f3 | |
|
xargs git log --merges --no-walk --grep=WIP |
|
---------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
|
|
|
|
SEE ALSO |
|
-------- |
|
linkgit:git-checkout[1], |
|
linkgit:git-commit[1], |
|
linkgit:git-reflog[1], |
|
linkgit:git-reset[1] |
|
|
|
GIT |
|
--- |
|
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
|
|
|