You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
264 lines
9.5 KiB
264 lines
9.5 KiB
git-worktree(1) |
|
=============== |
|
|
|
NAME |
|
---- |
|
git-worktree - Manage multiple working trees |
|
|
|
|
|
SYNOPSIS |
|
-------- |
|
[verse] |
|
'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<branch>] |
|
'git worktree list' [--porcelain] |
|
'git worktree lock' [--reason <string>] <worktree> |
|
'git worktree prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>] |
|
'git worktree unlock' <worktree> |
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION |
|
----------- |
|
|
|
Manage multiple working trees attached to the same repository. |
|
|
|
A git repository can support multiple working trees, allowing you to check |
|
out more than one branch at a time. With `git worktree add` a new working |
|
tree is associated with the repository. This new working tree is called a |
|
"linked working tree" as opposed to the "main working tree" prepared by "git |
|
init" or "git clone". A repository has one main working tree (if it's not a |
|
bare repository) and zero or more linked working trees. |
|
|
|
When you are done with a linked working tree you can simply delete it. |
|
The working tree's administrative files in the repository (see |
|
"DETAILS" below) will eventually be removed automatically (see |
|
`gc.worktreePruneExpire` in linkgit:git-config[1]), or you can run |
|
`git worktree prune` in the main or any linked working tree to |
|
clean up any stale administrative files. |
|
|
|
If you move a linked working tree, you need to manually update the |
|
administrative files so that they do not get pruned automatically. See |
|
section "DETAILS" for more information. |
|
|
|
If a linked working tree is stored on a portable device or network share |
|
which is not always mounted, you can prevent its administrative files from |
|
being pruned by issuing the `git worktree lock` command, optionally |
|
specifying `--reason` to explain why the working tree is locked. |
|
|
|
COMMANDS |
|
-------- |
|
add <path> [<branch>]:: |
|
|
|
Create `<path>` and checkout `<branch>` into it. The new working directory |
|
is linked to the current repository, sharing everything except working |
|
directory specific files such as HEAD, index, etc. `-` may also be |
|
specified as `<branch>`; it is synonymous with `@{-1}`. |
|
+ |
|
If `<branch>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` used, |
|
then, as a convenience, a new branch based at HEAD is created automatically, |
|
as if `-b $(basename <path>)` was specified. |
|
|
|
list:: |
|
|
|
List details of each worktree. The main worktree is listed first, followed by |
|
each of the linked worktrees. The output details include if the worktree is |
|
bare, the revision currently checked out, and the branch currently checked out |
|
(or 'detached HEAD' if none). |
|
|
|
lock:: |
|
|
|
If a working tree is on a portable device or network share which |
|
is not always mounted, lock it to prevent its administrative |
|
files from being pruned automatically. This also prevents it from |
|
being moved or deleted. Optionally, specify a reason for the lock |
|
with `--reason`. |
|
|
|
prune:: |
|
|
|
Prune working tree information in $GIT_DIR/worktrees. |
|
|
|
unlock:: |
|
|
|
Unlock a working tree, allowing it to be pruned, moved or deleted. |
|
|
|
OPTIONS |
|
------- |
|
|
|
-f:: |
|
--force:: |
|
By default, `add` refuses to create a new working tree when `<branch>` |
|
is already checked out by another working tree. This option overrides |
|
that safeguard. |
|
|
|
-b <new-branch>:: |
|
-B <new-branch>:: |
|
With `add`, create a new branch named `<new-branch>` starting at |
|
`<branch>`, and check out `<new-branch>` into the new working tree. |
|
If `<branch>` is omitted, it defaults to HEAD. |
|
By default, `-b` refuses to create a new branch if it already |
|
exists. `-B` overrides this safeguard, resetting `<new-branch>` to |
|
`<branch>`. |
|
|
|
--detach:: |
|
With `add`, detach HEAD in the new working tree. See "DETACHED HEAD" |
|
in linkgit:git-checkout[1]. |
|
|
|
--[no-]checkout:: |
|
By default, `add` checks out `<branch>`, however, `--no-checkout` can |
|
be used to suppress checkout in order to make customizations, |
|
such as configuring sparse-checkout. See "Sparse checkout" |
|
in linkgit:git-read-tree[1]. |
|
|
|
--lock:: |
|
Keep the working tree locked after creation. This is the |
|
equivalent of `git worktree lock` after `git worktree add`, |
|
but without race condition. |
|
|
|
-n:: |
|
--dry-run:: |
|
With `prune`, do not remove anything; just report what it would |
|
remove. |
|
|
|
--porcelain:: |
|
With `list`, output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts. |
|
This format will remain stable across Git versions and regardless of user |
|
configuration. See below for details. |
|
|
|
-v:: |
|
--verbose:: |
|
With `prune`, report all removals. |
|
|
|
--expire <time>:: |
|
With `prune`, only expire unused working trees older than <time>. |
|
|
|
--reason <string>:: |
|
With `lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked. |
|
|
|
<worktree>:: |
|
Working trees can be identified by path, either relative or |
|
absolute. |
|
+ |
|
If the last path components in the working tree's path is unique among |
|
working trees, it can be used to identify worktrees. For example if |
|
you only have two working trees, at "/abc/def/ghi" and "/abc/def/ggg", |
|
then "ghi" or "def/ghi" is enough to point to the former working tree. |
|
|
|
DETAILS |
|
------- |
|
Each linked working tree has a private sub-directory in the repository's |
|
$GIT_DIR/worktrees directory. The private sub-directory's name is usually |
|
the base name of the linked working tree's path, possibly appended with a |
|
number to make it unique. For example, when `$GIT_DIR=/path/main/.git` the |
|
command `git worktree add /path/other/test-next next` creates the linked |
|
working tree in `/path/other/test-next` and also creates a |
|
`$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next` directory (or `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next1` |
|
if `test-next` is already taken). |
|
|
|
Within a linked working tree, $GIT_DIR is set to point to this private |
|
directory (e.g. `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` in the example) and |
|
$GIT_COMMON_DIR is set to point back to the main working tree's $GIT_DIR |
|
(e.g. `/path/main/.git`). These settings are made in a `.git` file located at |
|
the top directory of the linked working tree. |
|
|
|
Path resolution via `git rev-parse --git-path` uses either |
|
$GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR depending on the path. For example, in the |
|
linked working tree `git rev-parse --git-path HEAD` returns |
|
`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/HEAD` (not |
|
`/path/other/test-next/.git/HEAD` or `/path/main/.git/HEAD`) while `git |
|
rev-parse --git-path refs/heads/master` uses |
|
$GIT_COMMON_DIR and returns `/path/main/.git/refs/heads/master`, |
|
since refs are shared across all working trees. |
|
|
|
See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for more information. The rule of |
|
thumb is do not make any assumption about whether a path belongs to |
|
$GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR when you need to directly access something |
|
inside $GIT_DIR. Use `git rev-parse --git-path` to get the final path. |
|
|
|
If you move a linked working tree, you need to update the 'gitdir' file |
|
in the entry's directory. For example, if a linked working tree is moved |
|
to `/newpath/test-next` and its `.git` file points to |
|
`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next`, then update |
|
`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/gitdir` to reference `/newpath/test-next` |
|
instead. |
|
|
|
To prevent a $GIT_DIR/worktrees entry from being pruned (which |
|
can be useful in some situations, such as when the |
|
entry's working tree is stored on a portable device), use the |
|
`git worktree lock` command, which adds a file named |
|
'locked' to the entry's directory. The file contains the reason in |
|
plain text. For example, if a linked working tree's `.git` file points |
|
to `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` then a file named |
|
`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/locked` will prevent the |
|
`test-next` entry from being pruned. See |
|
linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for details. |
|
|
|
LIST OUTPUT FORMAT |
|
------------------ |
|
The worktree list command has two output formats. The default format shows the |
|
details on a single line with columns. For example: |
|
|
|
------------ |
|
S git worktree list |
|
/path/to/bare-source (bare) |
|
/path/to/linked-worktree abcd1234 [master] |
|
/path/to/other-linked-worktree 1234abc (detached HEAD) |
|
------------ |
|
|
|
Porcelain Format |
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
|
The porcelain format has a line per attribute. Attributes are listed with a |
|
label and value separated by a single space. Boolean attributes (like 'bare' |
|
and 'detached') are listed as a label only, and are only present if and only |
|
if the value is true. An empty line indicates the end of a worktree. For |
|
example: |
|
|
|
------------ |
|
S git worktree list --porcelain |
|
worktree /path/to/bare-source |
|
bare |
|
|
|
worktree /path/to/linked-worktree |
|
HEAD abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234 |
|
branch refs/heads/master |
|
|
|
worktree /path/to/other-linked-worktree |
|
HEAD 1234abc1234abc1234abc1234abc1234abc1234a |
|
detached |
|
|
|
------------ |
|
|
|
EXAMPLES |
|
-------- |
|
You are in the middle of a refactoring session and your boss comes in and |
|
demands that you fix something immediately. You might typically use |
|
linkgit:git-stash[1] to store your changes away temporarily, however, your |
|
working tree is in such a state of disarray (with new, moved, and removed |
|
files, and other bits and pieces strewn around) that you don't want to risk |
|
disturbing any of it. Instead, you create a temporary linked working tree to |
|
make the emergency fix, remove it when done, and then resume your earlier |
|
refactoring session. |
|
|
|
------------ |
|
$ git worktree add -b emergency-fix ../temp master |
|
$ pushd ../temp |
|
# ... hack hack hack ... |
|
$ git commit -a -m 'emergency fix for boss' |
|
$ popd |
|
$ rm -rf ../temp |
|
$ git worktree prune |
|
------------ |
|
|
|
BUGS |
|
---- |
|
Multiple checkout in general is still experimental, and the support |
|
for submodules is incomplete. It is NOT recommended to make multiple |
|
checkouts of a superproject. |
|
|
|
git-worktree could provide more automation for tasks currently |
|
performed manually, such as: |
|
|
|
- `remove` to remove a linked working tree and its administrative files (and |
|
warn if the working tree is dirty) |
|
- `mv` to move or rename a working tree and update its administrative files |
|
|
|
GIT |
|
--- |
|
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
|
|
|