229 lines
6.0 KiB
Plaintext
229 lines
6.0 KiB
Plaintext
git-for-each-ref(1)
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===================
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NAME
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----
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git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git for-each-ref' [--count=<count>] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
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[(--sort=<key>)...] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Iterate over all refs that match `<pattern>` and show them
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according to the given `<format>`, after sorting them according
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to the given set of `<key>`. If `<count>` is given, stop after
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showing that many refs. The interpolated values in `<format>`
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can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
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host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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<count>::
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By default the command shows all refs that match
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`<pattern>`. This option makes it stop after showing
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that many refs.
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<key>::
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A field name to sort on. Prefix `-` to sort in
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descending order of the value. When unspecified,
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`refname` is used. You may use the --sort=<key> option
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multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
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key.
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<format>::
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A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
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object pointed at by a ref being shown. If `fieldname`
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is prefixed with an asterisk (`*`) and the ref points
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at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
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tag refers is used. When unspecified, defaults to
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`%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype) TAB %(refname)`.
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It also interpolates `%%` to `%`, and `%xx` where `xx`
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are hex digits interpolates to character with hex code
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`xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to `\0` (NUL),
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`%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF).
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<pattern>...::
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If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
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match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
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literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
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beginning up to a slash.
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--shell::
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--perl::
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--python::
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--tcl::
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If given, strings that substitute `%(fieldname)`
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placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
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the specified host language. This is meant to produce
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a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
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FIELD NAMES
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-----------
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Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
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be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
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keys.
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For all objects, the following names can be used:
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refname::
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The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
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For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append `:short`.
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The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
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abbreviation mode.
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objecttype::
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The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
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objectsize::
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The size of the object (the same as 'git cat-file -s' reports).
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objectname::
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The object name (aka SHA-1).
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For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append `:short`.
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upstream::
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The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream''
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from the displayed ref. Respects `:short` in the same way as
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`refname` above. Additionally respects `:track` to show
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"[ahead N, behind M]" and `:trackshort` to show the terse
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version: ">" (ahead), "<" (behind), "<>" (ahead and behind),
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or "=" (in sync). Has no effect if the ref does not have
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tracking information associated with it.
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HEAD::
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'*' if HEAD matches current ref (the checked out branch), ' '
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otherwise.
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color::
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Change output color. Followed by `:<colorname>`, where names
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are described in `color.branch.*`.
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In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
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field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
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be used to specify the value in the header field.
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Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`,
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`committer`, and `tagger`) can be suffixed with `name`, `email`,
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and `date` to extract the named component.
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The complete message in a commit and tag object is `contents`.
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Its first line is `contents:subject`, where subject is the concatenation
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of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line. The next
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line is 'contents:body', where body is all of the lines after the first
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blank line. Finally, the optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`.
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For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
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order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
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All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.
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In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
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the object referred by the ref does not cause an error. It
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returns an empty string instead.
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As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
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the date by adding one of `:default`, `:relative`, `:short`, `:local`,
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`:iso8601`, `:rfc2822` or `:raw` to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
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`%(taggerdate:relative)`.
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EXAMPLES
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--------
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An example directly producing formatted text. Show the most recent
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3 tagged commits:
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------------
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#!/bin/sh
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git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
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--format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
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Subject: %(*subject)
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Date: %(*authordate)
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Ref: %(*refname)
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%(*body)
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' 'refs/tags'
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------------
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A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
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demonstrating the use of --shell. List the prefixes of all heads:
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------------
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#!/bin/sh
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git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
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while read entry
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do
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eval "$entry"
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echo `dirname $ref`
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done
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------------
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A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
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may be an entire script:
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------------
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#!/bin/sh
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fmt='
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r=%(refname)
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t=%(*objecttype)
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T=${r#refs/tags/}
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o=%(*objectname)
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n=%(*authorname)
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e=%(*authoremail)
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s=%(*subject)
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d=%(*authordate)
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b=%(*body)
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kind=Tag
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if test "z$t" = z
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then
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# could be a lightweight tag
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t=%(objecttype)
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kind="Lightweight tag"
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o=%(objectname)
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n=%(authorname)
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e=%(authoremail)
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s=%(subject)
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d=%(authordate)
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b=%(body)
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fi
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echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
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if test "z$t" = zcommit
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then
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echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
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at $d, and titled
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$s
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Its message reads as:
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"
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echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/ /"
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echo
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fi
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'
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eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
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--sort='*objecttype' \
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--sort=-taggerdate \
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refs/tags`
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eval "$eval"
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------------
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SEE ALSO
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--------
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linkgit:git-show-ref[1]
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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