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159 lines
5.6 KiB
159 lines
5.6 KiB
git-fetch(1) |
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============ |
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NAME |
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---- |
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git-fetch - Download objects and refs from another repository |
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SYNOPSIS |
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-------- |
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[verse] |
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'git fetch' [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]] |
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'git fetch' [<options>] <group> |
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'git fetch' --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...] |
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'git fetch' --all [<options>] |
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DESCRIPTION |
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----------- |
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Fetch branches and/or tags (collectively, "refs") from one or more |
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other repositories, along with the objects necessary to complete their |
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histories. Remote-tracking branches are updated (see the description |
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of <refspec> below for ways to control this behavior). |
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By default, any tag that points into the histories being fetched is |
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also fetched; the effect is to fetch tags that |
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point at branches that you are interested in. This default behavior |
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can be changed by using the --tags or --no-tags options or by |
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configuring remote.<name>.tagOpt. By using a refspec that fetches tags |
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explicitly, you can fetch tags that do not point into branches you |
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are interested in as well. |
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'git fetch' can fetch from either a single named repository or URL, |
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or from several repositories at once if <group> is given and |
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there is a remotes.<group> entry in the configuration file. |
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(See linkgit:git-config[1]). |
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When no remote is specified, by default the `origin` remote will be used, |
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unless there's an upstream branch configured for the current branch. |
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The names of refs that are fetched, together with the object names |
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they point at, are written to `.git/FETCH_HEAD`. This information |
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may be used by scripts or other git commands, such as linkgit:git-pull[1]. |
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OPTIONS |
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------- |
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include::fetch-options.txt[] |
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include::pull-fetch-param.txt[] |
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include::urls-remotes.txt[] |
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CONFIGURED REMOTE-TRACKING BRANCHES[[CRTB]] |
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------------------------------------------- |
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You often interact with the same remote repository by |
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regularly and repeatedly fetching from it. In order to keep track |
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of the progress of such a remote repository, `git fetch` allows you |
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to configure `remote.<repository>.fetch` configuration variables. |
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Typically such a variable may look like this: |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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[remote "origin"] |
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fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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This configuration is used in two ways: |
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* When `git fetch` is run without specifying what branches |
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and/or tags to fetch on the command line, e.g. `git fetch origin` |
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or `git fetch`, `remote.<repository>.fetch` values are used as |
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the refspecs--they specify which refs to fetch and which local refs |
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to update. The example above will fetch |
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all branches that exist in the `origin` (i.e. any ref that matches |
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the left-hand side of the value, `refs/heads/*`) and update the |
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corresponding remote-tracking branches in the `refs/remotes/origin/*` |
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hierarchy. |
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* When `git fetch` is run with explicit branches and/or tags |
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to fetch on the command line, e.g. `git fetch origin master`, the |
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<refspec>s given on the command line determine what are to be |
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fetched (e.g. `master` in the example, |
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which is a short-hand for `master:`, which in turn means |
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"fetch the 'master' branch but I do not explicitly say what |
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remote-tracking branch to update with it from the command line"), |
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and the example command will |
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fetch _only_ the 'master' branch. The `remote.<repository>.fetch` |
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values determine which |
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remote-tracking branch, if any, is updated. When used in this |
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way, the `remote.<repository>.fetch` values do not have any |
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effect in deciding _what_ gets fetched (i.e. the values are not |
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used as refspecs when the command-line lists refspecs); they are |
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only used to decide _where_ the refs that are fetched are stored |
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by acting as a mapping. |
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The latter use of the `remote.<repository>.fetch` values can be |
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overridden by giving the `--refmap=<refspec>` parameter(s) on the |
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command line. |
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EXAMPLES |
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-------- |
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* Update the remote-tracking branches: |
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+ |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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$ git fetch origin |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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+ |
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The above command copies all branches from the remote refs/heads/ |
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namespace and stores them to the local refs/remotes/origin/ namespace, |
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unless the branch.<name>.fetch option is used to specify a non-default |
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refspec. |
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* Using refspecs explicitly: |
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+ |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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$ git fetch origin +pu:pu maint:tmp |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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+ |
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This updates (or creates, as necessary) branches `pu` and `tmp` in |
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the local repository by fetching from the branches (respectively) |
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`pu` and `maint` from the remote repository. |
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+ |
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The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not fast-forward, |
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because it is prefixed with a plus sign; `tmp` will not be. |
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* Peek at a remote's branch, without configuring the remote in your local |
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repository: |
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+ |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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$ git fetch git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git maint |
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$ git log FETCH_HEAD |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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+ |
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The first command fetches the `maint` branch from the repository at |
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`git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git` and the second command uses |
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`FETCH_HEAD` to examine the branch with linkgit:git-log[1]. The fetched |
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objects will eventually be removed by git's built-in housekeeping (see |
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linkgit:git-gc[1]). |
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BUGS |
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---- |
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Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked |
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out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the |
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just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be |
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fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without |
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having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git |
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version. |
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SEE ALSO |
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-------- |
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linkgit:git-pull[1] |
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GIT |
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--- |
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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