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251 lines
7.7 KiB
251 lines
7.7 KiB
git-tag(1) |
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========== |
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NAME |
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---- |
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git-tag - Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG |
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SYNOPSIS |
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-------- |
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[verse] |
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'git-tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <name> [<head>] |
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'git-tag' -d <name>... |
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'git-tag' [-n [<num>]] -l [<pattern>] |
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'git-tag' -v <name>... |
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DESCRIPTION |
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----------- |
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Adds a 'tag' reference in `.git/refs/tags/` |
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Unless `-f` is given, the tag must not yet exist in |
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`.git/refs/tags/` directory. |
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If one of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>` is passed, the command |
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creates a 'tag' object, and requires the tag message. Unless |
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`-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given, an editor is started for the user to type |
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in the tag message. |
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Otherwise just the SHA1 object name of the commit object is |
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written (i.e. a lightweight tag). |
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A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when `-s` or `-u |
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<key-id>` is used. When `-u <key-id>` is not used, the |
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committer identity for the current user is used to find the |
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GnuPG key for signing. |
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OPTIONS |
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------- |
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-a:: |
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Make an unsigned, annotated tag object |
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-s:: |
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Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address's key |
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-u <key-id>:: |
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Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key |
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-f:: |
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Replace an existing tag with the given name (instead of failing) |
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-d:: |
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Delete existing tags with the given names. |
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-v:: |
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Verify the gpg signature of the given tag names. |
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-n <num>:: |
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<num> specifies how many lines from the annotation, if any, |
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are printed when using -l. |
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The default is not to print any annotation lines. |
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If no number is given to `-n`, only the first line is printed. |
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-l <pattern>:: |
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List tags with names that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given). |
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Typing "git tag" without arguments, also lists all tags. |
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-m <msg>:: |
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Use the given tag message (instead of prompting). |
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If multiple `-m` options are given, there values are |
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concatenated as separate paragraphs. |
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-F <file>:: |
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Take the tag message from the given file. Use '-' to |
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read the message from the standard input. |
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CONFIGURATION |
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------------- |
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By default, git-tag in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your |
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committer identity (of the form "Your Name <your@email.address>") to |
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find a key. If you want to use a different default key, you can specify |
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it in the repository configuration as follows: |
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------------------------------------- |
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[user] |
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signingkey = <gpg-key-id> |
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------------------------------------- |
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DISCUSSION |
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---------- |
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On Re-tagging |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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What should you do when you tag a wrong commit and you would |
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want to re-tag? |
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If you never pushed anything out, just re-tag it. Use "-f" to |
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replace the old one. And you're done. |
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But if you have pushed things out (or others could just read |
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your repository directly), then others will have already seen |
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the old tag. In that case you can do one of two things: |
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. The sane thing. |
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Just admit you screwed up, and use a different name. Others have |
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already seen one tag-name, and if you keep the same name, you |
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may be in the situation that two people both have "version X", |
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but they actually have 'different' "X"'s. So just call it "X.1" |
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and be done with it. |
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. The insane thing. |
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You really want to call the new version "X" too, 'even though' |
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others have already seen the old one. So just use "git tag -f" |
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again, as if you hadn't already published the old one. |
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However, Git does *not* (and it should not) change tags behind |
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users back. So if somebody already got the old tag, doing a "git |
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pull" on your tree shouldn't just make them overwrite the old |
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one. |
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If somebody got a release tag from you, you cannot just change |
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the tag for them by updating your own one. This is a big |
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security issue, in that people MUST be able to trust their |
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tag-names. If you really want to do the insane thing, you need |
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to just fess up to it, and tell people that you messed up. You |
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can do that by making a very public announcement saying: |
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------------ |
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Ok, I messed up, and I pushed out an earlier version tagged as X. I |
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then fixed something, and retagged the *fixed* tree as X again. |
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If you got the wrong tag, and want the new one, please delete |
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the old one and fetch the new one by doing: |
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git tag -d X |
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git fetch origin tag X |
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to get my updated tag. |
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You can test which tag you have by doing |
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git rev-parse X |
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which should return 0123456789abcdef.. if you have the new version. |
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Sorry for inconvenience. |
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------------ |
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Does this seem a bit complicated? It *should* be. There is no |
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way that it would be correct to just "fix" it behind peoples |
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backs. People need to know that their tags might have been |
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changed. |
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On Automatic following |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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If you are following somebody else's tree, you are most likely |
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using tracking branches (`refs/heads/origin` in traditional |
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layout, or `refs/remotes/origin/master` in the separate-remote |
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layout). You usually want the tags from the other end. |
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On the other hand, if you are fetching because you would want a |
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one-shot merge from somebody else, you typically do not want to |
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get tags from there. This happens more often for people near |
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the toplevel but not limited to them. Mere mortals when pulling |
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from each other do not necessarily want to automatically get |
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private anchor point tags from the other person. |
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You would notice "please pull" messages on the mailing list says |
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repo URL and branch name alone. This is designed to be easily |
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cut&pasted to "git fetch" command line: |
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------------ |
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Linus, please pull from |
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git://git..../proj.git master |
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to get the following updates... |
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------------ |
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becomes: |
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------------ |
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$ git pull git://git..../proj.git master |
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------------ |
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In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow other's |
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tags. |
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One important aspect of git is it is distributed, and being |
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distributed largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or |
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"downstream" in the system. On the face of it, the above |
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example might seem to indicate that the tag namespace is owned |
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by upper echelon of people and tags only flow downwards, but |
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that is not the case. It only shows that the usage pattern |
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determines who are interested in whose tags. |
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A one-shot pull is a sign that a commit history is now crossing |
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the boundary between one circle of people (e.g. "people who are |
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primarily interested in networking part of the kernel") who may |
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have their own set of tags (e.g. "this is the third release |
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candidate from the networking group to be proposed for general |
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consumption with 2.6.21 release") to another circle of people |
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(e.g. "people who integrate various subsystem improvements"). |
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The latter are usually not interested in the detailed tags used |
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internally in the former group (that is what "internal" means). |
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That is why it is desirable not to follow tags automatically in |
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this case. |
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It may well be that among networking people, they may want to |
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exchange the tags internal to their group, but in that workflow |
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they are most likely tracking with each other's progress by |
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having tracking branches. Again, the heuristic to automatically |
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follow such tags is a good thing. |
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On Backdating Tags |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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If you have imported some changes from another VCS and would like |
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to add tags for major releases of your work, it is useful to be able |
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to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object. The data in |
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the tag object affects, for example, the ordering of tags in the |
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gitweb interface. |
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To set the date used in future tag objects, set the environment |
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variable GIT_AUTHOR_DATE to one or more of the date and time. The |
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date and time can be specified in a number of ways; the most common |
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is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM". |
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An example follows. |
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------------ |
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$ GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1 |
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------------ |
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Author |
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------ |
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Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>, |
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Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>. |
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Documentation |
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-------------- |
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Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>. |
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GIT |
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--- |
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Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
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