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brian m. carlson 544d93bc3b block-sha1: remove use of obsolete x86 assembly
In the block SHA-1 code, we have special assembly code for i386 and
amd64 to perform rotations with assembly.  This is supposed to help pick
the correct rotation operation depending on which rotation is smaller,
which can help some systems perform slightly better, since any circular
rotation can be specified as either a rotate left or a rotate right.
However, this isn't needed, so we should remove it.

First, SHA-1, like SHA-2, uses fixed constant rotates.  Thus, all
rotation amounts are known at compile time and are in fact baked into
the code.  Fortunately, peephole optimizers recognize rotations
specified in the normal way and automatically emit the correct code,
including a preference for choosing a rotate left versus a rotate right.
This has been the case for well over a decade, and is a standard example
of the utility of a peephole optimizer.

Moreover, all modern CPUs, with the exception of extremely limited
embedded CPUs such as some Cortex-M processors, provide a barrel
shifter, which lets the CPU perform rotates of any bit amount in
constant time.  This is valuable for many cryptographic algorithms to
improve performance, and is required to prevent timing attacks in
algorithms which use data-dependent rotations (which don't include the
hash algorithms we use).  As a result, even though the compiler does the
correct optimization, it isn't even needed here and either a left or a
right rotate is equally acceptable.

In fact, the SHA-256 code already takes this into account and just
writes the simple code using an inline function to let the compiler
optimize it for us.

The downside of using this code, however, is that it uses a GCC
extension, which makes the compiler complain when using -pedantic unless
it's prefixed with __extension__.  We could fix that, but since it's
not needed, let's just remove it.  We haven't noticed this because
almost everyone uses the SHA1DC code instead, but it still shows up for
some people.

Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2022-03-10 11:18:05 -08:00
.github Merge branch 'ab/ci-updates' 2021-12-15 09:39:49 -08:00
Documentation Git 2.35.1 2022-01-28 16:48:42 -08:00
block-sha1 block-sha1: remove use of obsolete x86 assembly 2022-03-10 11:18:05 -08:00
builtin Merge branch 'en/keep-cwd' into maint 2022-01-28 16:45:52 -08:00
ci Merge branch 'ab/ci-updates' 2021-12-15 09:39:49 -08:00
compat getcwd(mingw): handle the case when there is no cwd 2022-01-19 11:27:31 -08:00
contrib Merge branch 'jl/subtree-check-parents-argument-passing-fix' 2022-01-10 11:52:54 -08:00
ewah
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po l10n: Update Catalan translation 2022-01-23 09:40:52 +01:00
ppc
refs Merge branch 'ab/refs-errno-cleanup' 2022-01-14 15:25:15 -08:00
reftable reftable tests: avoid "int" overflow, use "uint64_t" 2022-01-13 13:39:09 -08:00
sha1collisiondetection@855827c583
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templates
trace2 Merge branch 'ab/run-command' 2021-12-15 09:39:47 -08:00
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README.md
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README.md

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Git - fast, scalable, distributed revision control system

Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals.

Git is an Open Source project covered by the GNU General Public License version 2 (some parts of it are under different licenses, compatible with the GPLv2). It was originally written by Linus Torvalds with help of a group of hackers around the net.

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The name "git" was given by Linus Torvalds when he wrote the very first version. He described the tool as "the stupid content tracker" and the name as (depending on your mood):

  • random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not actually used by any common UNIX command. The fact that it is a mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.
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