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327 lines
11 KiB
327 lines
11 KiB
git-update-index(1) |
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=================== |
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NAME |
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---- |
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git-update-index - Register file contents in the working tree to the index |
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SYNOPSIS |
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-------- |
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[verse] |
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'git-update-index' |
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[--add] [--remove | --force-remove] [--replace] |
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[--refresh] [-q] [--unmerged] [--ignore-missing] |
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[--cacheinfo <mode> <object> <file>]\* |
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[--chmod=(+|-)x] |
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[--assume-unchanged | --no-assume-unchanged] |
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[--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g] |
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[--info-only] [--index-info] |
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[-z] [--stdin] |
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[--verbose] |
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[--] [<file>]\* |
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DESCRIPTION |
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----------- |
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Modifies the index or directory cache. Each file mentioned is updated |
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into the index and any 'unmerged' or 'needs updating' state is |
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cleared. |
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See also gitlink:git-add[1] for a more user-friendly way to do some of |
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the most common operations on the index. |
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The way "git-update-index" handles files it is told about can be modified |
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using the various options: |
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OPTIONS |
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------- |
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--add:: |
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If a specified file isn't in the index already then it's |
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added. |
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Default behaviour is to ignore new files. |
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--remove:: |
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If a specified file is in the index but is missing then it's |
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removed. |
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Default behavior is to ignore removed file. |
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--refresh:: |
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Looks at the current index and checks to see if merges or |
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updates are needed by checking stat() information. |
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-q:: |
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Quiet. If --refresh finds that the index needs an update, the |
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default behavior is to error out. This option makes |
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git-update-index continue anyway. |
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--unmerged:: |
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If --refresh finds unmerged changes in the index, the default |
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behavior is to error out. This option makes git-update-index |
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continue anyway. |
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--ignore-missing:: |
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Ignores missing files during a --refresh |
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--cacheinfo <mode> <object> <path>:: |
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Directly insert the specified info into the index. |
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--index-info:: |
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Read index information from stdin. |
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--chmod=(+|-)x:: |
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Set the execute permissions on the updated files. |
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--assume-unchanged, --no-assume-unchanged:: |
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When these flags are specified, the object name recorded |
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for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options |
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sets and unsets the "assume unchanged" bit for the |
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paths. When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, git stops |
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checking the working tree files for possible |
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modifications, so you need to manually unset the bit to |
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tell git when you change the working tree file. This is |
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sometimes helpful when working with a big project on a |
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filesystem that has very slow lstat(2) system call |
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(e.g. cifs). |
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--again, -g:: |
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Runs `git-update-index` itself on the paths whose index |
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entries are different from those from the `HEAD` commit. |
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--unresolve:: |
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Restores the 'unmerged' or 'needs updating' state of a |
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file during a merge if it was cleared by accident. |
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--info-only:: |
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Do not create objects in the object database for all |
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<file> arguments that follow this flag; just insert |
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their object IDs into the index. |
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--force-remove:: |
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Remove the file from the index even when the working directory |
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still has such a file. (Implies --remove.) |
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--replace:: |
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By default, when a file `path` exists in the index, |
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git-update-index refuses an attempt to add `path/file`. |
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Similarly if a file `path/file` exists, a file `path` |
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cannot be added. With --replace flag, existing entries |
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that conflicts with the entry being added are |
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automatically removed with warning messages. |
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--stdin:: |
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Instead of taking list of paths from the command line, |
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read list of paths from the standard input. Paths are |
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separated by LF (i.e. one path per line) by default. |
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--verbose:: |
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Report what is being added and removed from index. |
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-z:: |
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Only meaningful with `--stdin`; paths are separated with |
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NUL character instead of LF. |
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\--:: |
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Do not interpret any more arguments as options. |
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<file>:: |
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Files to act on. |
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Note that files beginning with '.' are discarded. This includes |
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`./file` and `dir/./file`. If you don't want this, then use |
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cleaner names. |
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The same applies to directories ending '/' and paths with '//' |
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Using --refresh |
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--------------- |
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'--refresh' does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index |
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up-to-date for mode/content changes. But what it *does* do is to |
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"re-match" the stat information of a file with the index, so that you |
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can refresh the index for a file that hasn't been changed but where |
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the stat entry is out of date. |
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For example, you'd want to do this after doing a "git-read-tree", to link |
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up the stat index details with the proper files. |
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Using --cacheinfo or --info-only |
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-------------------------------- |
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'--cacheinfo' is used to register a file that is not in the |
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current working directory. This is useful for minimum-checkout |
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merging. |
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To pretend you have a file with mode and sha1 at path, say: |
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---------------- |
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$ git-update-index --cacheinfo mode sha1 path |
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---------------- |
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'--info-only' is used to register files without placing them in the object |
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database. This is useful for status-only repositories. |
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Both '--cacheinfo' and '--info-only' behave similarly: the index is updated |
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but the object database isn't. '--cacheinfo' is useful when the object is |
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in the database but the file isn't available locally. '--info-only' is |
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useful when the file is available, but you do not wish to update the |
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object database. |
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Using --index-info |
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------------------ |
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`--index-info` is a more powerful mechanism that lets you feed |
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multiple entry definitions from the standard input, and designed |
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specifically for scripts. It can take inputs of three formats: |
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. mode SP sha1 TAB path |
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+ |
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The first format is what "git-apply --index-info" |
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reports, and used to reconstruct a partial tree |
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that is used for phony merge base tree when falling |
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back on 3-way merge. |
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. mode SP type SP sha1 TAB path |
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+ |
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The second format is to stuff git-ls-tree output |
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into the index file. |
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. mode SP sha1 SP stage TAB path |
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+ |
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This format is to put higher order stages into the |
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index file and matches git-ls-files --stage output. |
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To place a higher stage entry to the index, the path should |
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first be removed by feeding a mode=0 entry for the path, and |
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then feeding necessary input lines in the third format. |
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For example, starting with this index: |
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------------ |
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$ git ls-files -s |
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100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 0 frotz |
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------------ |
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you can feed the following input to `--index-info`: |
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------------ |
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$ git update-index --index-info |
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0 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 frotz |
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100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1 frotz |
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100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2 frotz |
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------------ |
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The first line of the input feeds 0 as the mode to remove the |
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path; the SHA1 does not matter as long as it is well formatted. |
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Then the second and third line feeds stage 1 and stage 2 entries |
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for that path. After the above, we would end up with this: |
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------------ |
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$ git ls-files -s |
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100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1 frotz |
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100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2 frotz |
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------------ |
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Using ``assume unchanged'' bit |
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------------------------------ |
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Many operations in git depend on your filesystem to have an |
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efficient `lstat(2)` implementation, so that `st_mtime` |
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information for working tree files can be cheaply checked to see |
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if the file contents have changed from the version recorded in |
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the index file. Unfortunately, some filesystems have |
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inefficient `lstat(2)`. If your filesystem is one of them, you |
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can set "assume unchanged" bit to paths you have not changed to |
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cause git not to do this check. Note that setting this bit on a |
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path does not mean git will check the contents of the file to |
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see if it has changed -- it makes git to omit any checking and |
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assume it has *not* changed. When you make changes to working |
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tree files, you have to explicitly tell git about it by dropping |
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"assume unchanged" bit, either before or after you modify them. |
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In order to set "assume unchanged" bit, use `--assume-unchanged` |
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option. To unset, use `--no-assume-unchanged`. |
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The command looks at `core.ignorestat` configuration variable. When |
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this is true, paths updated with `git-update-index paths...` and |
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paths updated with other git commands that update both index and |
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working tree (e.g. `git-apply --index`, `git-checkout-index -u`, |
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and `git-read-tree -u`) are automatically marked as "assume |
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unchanged". Note that "assume unchanged" bit is *not* set if |
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`git-update-index --refresh` finds the working tree file matches |
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the index (use `git-update-index --really-refresh` if you want |
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to mark them as "assume unchanged"). |
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Examples |
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-------- |
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To update and refresh only the files already checked out: |
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---------------- |
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$ git-checkout-index -n -f -a && git-update-index --ignore-missing --refresh |
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---------------- |
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On an inefficient filesystem with `core.ignorestat` set:: |
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+ |
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------------ |
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$ git update-index --really-refresh <1> |
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$ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c <2> |
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$ git diff --name-only <3> |
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$ edit foo.c |
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$ git diff --name-only <4> |
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M foo.c |
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$ git update-index foo.c <5> |
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$ git diff --name-only <6> |
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$ edit foo.c |
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$ git diff --name-only <7> |
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$ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c <8> |
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$ git diff --name-only <9> |
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M foo.c |
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------------ |
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+ |
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<1> forces lstat(2) to set "assume unchanged" bits for paths that match index. |
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<2> mark the path to be edited. |
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<3> this does lstat(2) and finds index matches the path. |
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<4> this does lstat(2) and finds index does *not* match the path. |
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<5> registering the new version to index sets "assume unchanged" bit. |
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<6> and it is assumed unchanged. |
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<7> even after you edit it. |
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<8> you can tell about the change after the fact. |
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<9> now it checks with lstat(2) and finds it has been changed. |
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Configuration |
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------------- |
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The command honors `core.filemode` configuration variable. If |
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your repository is on an filesystem whose executable bits are |
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unreliable, this should be set to 'false' (see gitlink:git-config[1]). |
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This causes the command to ignore differences in file modes recorded |
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in the index and the file mode on the filesystem if they differ only on |
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executable bit. On such an unfortunate filesystem, you may |
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need to use `git-update-index --chmod=`. |
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Quite similarly, if `core.symlinks` configuration variable is set |
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to 'false' (see gitlink:git-config[1]), symbolic links are checked out |
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as plain files, and this command does not modify a recorded file mode |
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from symbolic link to regular file. |
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The command looks at `core.ignorestat` configuration variable. See |
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'Using "assume unchanged" bit' section above. |
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See Also |
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-------- |
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gitlink:git-config[1], |
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gitlink:git-add[1] |
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Author |
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------ |
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Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> |
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Documentation |
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-------------- |
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Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>. |
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GIT |
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--- |
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Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite |
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