mingw: enable DEP and ASLR

Enable DEP (Data Execution Prevention) and ASLR (Address Space Layout
Randomization) support. This applies to both 32bit and 64bit builds
and makes it substantially harder to exploit security holes in Git by
offering a much more unpredictable attack surface.

ASLR interferes with GDB's ability to set breakpoints. A similar issue
holds true when compiling with -O2 (in which case single-stepping is
messed up because GDB cannot map the code back to the original source
code properly). Therefore we simply enable ASLR only when an
optimization flag is present in the CFLAGS, using it as an indicator
that the developer does not want to debug in GDB anyway.

Signed-off-by: İsmail Dönmez <ismail@i10z.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

config.mak.uname

@@ -575,6 +575,12 @@ else
 	ifneq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '1\.'),2)
 		# MSys2
 		prefix = /usr/
+		# Enable DEP
+		BASIC_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--nxcompat
+		# Enable ASLR (unless debugging)
+		ifneq (,$(findstring -O,$(filter-out -O0 -Og,$(CFLAGS))))
+			BASIC_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--dynamicbase
+		endif
 		ifeq (MINGW32,$(MSYSTEM))
 			prefix = /mingw32
 			HOST_CPU = i686