tests: exercise the RUNTIME_PREFIX feature

Originally, we refrained from adding a regression test in 7b6c6496374
(system_path(): Add prefix computation at runtime if RUNTIME_PREFIX set,
2008-08-10), and in 226c0ddd0d (exec_cmd: RUNTIME_PREFIX on some POSIX
systems, 2018-04-10).

The reason was that it was deemed too tricky to test.

Turns out that it is not tricky to test at all: we simply create a
pseudo-root, copy the `git` executable into the `git/` subdirectory of
that pseudo-root, then copy a script into the `libexec/git-core/`
directory and expect that to be picked up.

As long as the trash directory is in a location where binaries can be
executed, this works.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Makefile

@@ -2826,6 +2826,11 @@ ifdef GIT_TEST_INDEX_VERSION
 endif
 ifdef GIT_TEST_PERL_FATAL_WARNINGS
 	@echo GIT_TEST_PERL_FATAL_WARNINGS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_TEST_PERL_FATAL_WARNINGS)))'\' >>$@+
+endif
+ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	@echo RUNTIME_PREFIX=\'true\' >>$@+
+else
+	@echo RUNTIME_PREFIX=\'false\' >>$@+
 endif
 	@if cmp $@+ $@ >/dev/null 2>&1; then $(RM) $@+; else mv $@+ $@; fi
 

t/t0060-path-utils.sh

@@ -525,4 +525,22 @@ test_expect_success MINGW 'is_valid_path() on Windows' '
 		"PRN./abc"
 '
 
+test_lazy_prereq RUNTIME_PREFIX '
+	test true = "$RUNTIME_PREFIX"
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq CAN_EXEC_IN_PWD '
+	cp "$GIT_EXEC_PATH"/git$X ./ &&
+	./git rev-parse
+'
+
+test_expect_success RUNTIME_PREFIX,CAN_EXEC_IN_PWD 'RUNTIME_PREFIX works' '
+	mkdir -p pretend/bin pretend/libexec/git-core &&
+	echo "echo HERE" | write_script pretend/libexec/git-core/git-here &&
+	cp "$GIT_EXEC_PATH"/git$X pretend/bin/ &&
+	GIT_EXEC_PATH= ./pretend/bin/git here >actual &&
+	echo HERE >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done