diff --git a/add-interactive.c b/add-interactive.c
index 4604c69140..6ffe64c38d 100644
--- a/add-interactive.c
+++ b/add-interactive.c
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@
 #include "prompt.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 
-static void init_color(struct repository *r, int use_color,
+static void init_color(struct repository *r, enum git_colorbool use_color,
 		       const char *section_and_slot, char *dst,
 		       const char *default_color)
 {
 	char *key = xstrfmt("color.%s", section_and_slot);
 	const char *value;
 
-	if (!use_color)
+	if (!want_color(use_color))
 		dst[0] = '\0';
 	else if (repo_config_get_value(r, key, &value) ||
 		 color_parse(value, dst))
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ static void init_color(struct repository *r, int use_color,
 	free(key);
 }
 
-static int check_color_config(struct repository *r, const char *var)
+static enum git_colorbool check_color_config(struct repository *r, const char *var)
 {
 	const char *value;
-	int ret;
+	enum git_colorbool ret;
 
 	if (repo_config_get_value(r, var, &value))
-		ret = -1;
+		ret = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 	else
 		ret = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
 
@@ -51,10 +51,11 @@ static int check_color_config(struct repository *r, const char *var)
 	 * the value parsed by git_color_config(), which may not have been
 	 * called by the main command.
 	 */
-	if (ret < 0 && !repo_config_get_value(r, "color.ui", &value))
+	if (ret == GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN &&
+	    !repo_config_get_value(r, "color.ui", &value))
 		ret = git_config_colorbool("color.ui", value);
 
-	return want_color(ret);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 void init_add_i_state(struct add_i_state *s, struct repository *r,
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ void init_add_i_state(struct add_i_state *s, struct repository *r,
 	init_color(r, s->use_color_interactive, "interactive.error",
 		   s->error_color, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
 	strlcpy(s->reset_color_interactive,
-		s->use_color_interactive ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : "", COLOR_MAXLEN);
+		want_color(s->use_color_interactive) ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : "", COLOR_MAXLEN);
 
 	s->use_color_diff = check_color_config(r, "color.diff");
 
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ void init_add_i_state(struct add_i_state *s, struct repository *r,
 	init_color(r, s->use_color_diff, "diff.new", s->file_new_color,
 		   diff_get_color(s->use_color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW));
 	strlcpy(s->reset_color_diff,
-		s->use_color_diff ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : "", COLOR_MAXLEN);
+		want_color(s->use_color_diff) ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : "", COLOR_MAXLEN);
 
 	FREE_AND_NULL(s->interactive_diff_filter);
 	repo_config_get_string(r, "interactive.difffilter",
@@ -130,8 +131,8 @@ void clear_add_i_state(struct add_i_state *s)
 	FREE_AND_NULL(s->interactive_diff_filter);
 	FREE_AND_NULL(s->interactive_diff_algorithm);
 	memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
-	s->use_color_interactive = -1;
-	s->use_color_diff = -1;
+	s->use_color_interactive = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
+	s->use_color_diff = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1210,7 +1211,7 @@ int run_add_i(struct repository *r, const struct pathspec *ps,
 	 * When color was asked for, use the prompt color for
 	 * highlighting, otherwise use square brackets.
 	 */
-	if (s.use_color_interactive) {
+	if (want_color(s.use_color_interactive)) {
 		data.color = s.prompt_color;
 		data.reset = s.reset_color_interactive;
 	}
diff --git a/add-interactive.h b/add-interactive.h
index ceadfa6bb6..da49502b76 100644
--- a/add-interactive.h
+++ b/add-interactive.h
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ struct add_p_opt {
 
 struct add_i_state {
 	struct repository *r;
-	int use_color_interactive;
-	int use_color_diff;
+	enum git_colorbool use_color_interactive;
+	enum git_colorbool use_color_diff;
 	char header_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char help_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char prompt_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
diff --git a/advice.c b/advice.c
index e5f0ff8449..0018501b7b 100644
--- a/advice.c
+++ b/advice.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include "help.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 
-static int advice_use_color = -1;
+static enum git_colorbool advice_use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 static char advice_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
 	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,	/* HINT */
diff --git a/builtin/add.c b/builtin/add.c
index 740c7c4581..4cd3d183f9 100644
--- a/builtin/add.c
+++ b/builtin/add.c
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ static int edit_patch(struct repository *repo,
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
-	rev.diffopt.use_color = 0;
+	rev.diffopt.use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 	rev.diffopt.flags.ignore_dirty_submodules = 1;
 	out = xopen(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 	rev.diffopt.file = xfdopen(out, "w");
diff --git a/builtin/am.c b/builtin/am.c
index 6073d64ae9..277c2e7937 100644
--- a/builtin/am.c
+++ b/builtin/am.c
@@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ static void write_commit_patch(const struct am_state *state, struct commit *comm
 	rev_info.no_commit_id = 1;
 	rev_info.diffopt.flags.binary = 1;
 	rev_info.diffopt.flags.full_index = 1;
-	rev_info.diffopt.use_color = 0;
+	rev_info.diffopt.use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 	rev_info.diffopt.file = fp;
 	rev_info.diffopt.close_file = 1;
 	add_pending_object(&rev_info, &commit->object, "");
@@ -1441,7 +1441,7 @@ static void write_index_patch(const struct am_state *state)
 	rev_info.disable_stdin = 1;
 	rev_info.no_commit_id = 1;
 	rev_info.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
-	rev_info.diffopt.use_color = 0;
+	rev_info.diffopt.use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 	rev_info.diffopt.file = fp;
 	rev_info.diffopt.close_file = 1;
 	add_pending_object(&rev_info, &tree->object, "");
diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index fa5ced452e..9fcf04bebb 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ static struct object_id head_oid;
 static int recurse_submodules = 0;
 static int submodule_propagate_branches = 0;
 
-static int branch_use_color = -1;
+static enum git_colorbool branch_use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 static char branch_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
 	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,       /* PLAIN */
diff --git a/builtin/clean.c b/builtin/clean.c
index 38b67923a6..1d5e7e5366 100644
--- a/builtin/clean.c
+++ b/builtin/clean.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static const char *color_interactive_slots[] = {
 	[CLEAN_COLOR_RESET]  = "reset",
 };
 
-static int clean_use_color = -1;
+static enum git_colorbool clean_use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 static char clean_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	[CLEAN_COLOR_ERROR] = GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED,
 	[CLEAN_COLOR_HEADER] = GIT_COLOR_BOLD,
diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index 384d0b4e93..0243f17d53 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 	strbuf_addstr(&committer_ident, git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
 	if (use_editor && include_status) {
 		int ident_shown = 0;
-		int saved_color_setting;
+		enum git_colorbool saved_color_setting;
 		struct ident_split ci, ai;
 		const char *hint_cleanup_all = allow_empty_message ?
 			_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
@@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "%s", ""); /* Add new line for clarity */
 
 		saved_color_setting = s->use_color;
-		s->use_color = 0;
+		s->use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 		committable = run_status(s->fp, index_file, prefix, 1, s);
 		s->use_color = saved_color_setting;
 		string_list_clear_func(&s->change, change_data_free);
diff --git a/builtin/config.c b/builtin/config.c
index 59fb113b07..2348a99dd4 100644
--- a/builtin/config.c
+++ b/builtin/config.c
@@ -568,9 +568,9 @@ static void get_color(const struct config_location_options *opts,
 }
 
 struct get_colorbool_config_data {
-	int get_colorbool_found;
-	int get_diff_color_found;
-	int get_color_ui_found;
+	enum git_colorbool get_colorbool_found;
+	enum git_colorbool get_diff_color_found;
+	enum git_colorbool get_color_ui_found;
 	const char *get_colorbool_slot;
 };
 
@@ -594,33 +594,34 @@ static int get_colorbool(const struct config_location_options *opts,
 {
 	struct get_colorbool_config_data data = {
 		.get_colorbool_slot = var,
-		.get_colorbool_found = -1,
-		.get_diff_color_found = -1,
-		.get_color_ui_found = -1,
+		.get_colorbool_found = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN,
+		.get_diff_color_found = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN,
+		.get_color_ui_found = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN,
 	};
+	bool result;
 
 	config_with_options(git_get_colorbool_config, &data,
 			    &opts->source, the_repository,
 			    &opts->options);
 
-	if (data.get_colorbool_found < 0) {
+	if (data.get_colorbool_found == GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN) {
 		if (!strcmp(data.get_colorbool_slot, "color.diff"))
 			data.get_colorbool_found = data.get_diff_color_found;
-		if (data.get_colorbool_found < 0)
+		if (data.get_colorbool_found == GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN)
 			data.get_colorbool_found = data.get_color_ui_found;
 	}
 
-	if (data.get_colorbool_found < 0)
+	if (data.get_colorbool_found == GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN)
 		/* default value if none found in config */
 		data.get_colorbool_found = GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
 
-	data.get_colorbool_found = want_color(data.get_colorbool_found);
+	result = want_color(data.get_colorbool_found);
 
 	if (print) {
-		printf("%s\n", data.get_colorbool_found ? "true" : "false");
+		printf("%s\n", result ? "true" : "false");
 		return 0;
 	} else
-		return data.get_colorbool_found ? 0 : 1;
+		return result ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
 static void check_write(const struct git_config_source *source)
diff --git a/builtin/grep.c b/builtin/grep.c
index 5df6537333..1d97eb2a2a 100644
--- a/builtin/grep.c
+++ b/builtin/grep.c
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc,
 	if (show_in_pager == default_pager)
 		show_in_pager = git_pager(the_repository, 1);
 	if (show_in_pager) {
-		opt.color = 0;
+		opt.color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 		opt.name_only = 1;
 		opt.null_following_name = 1;
 		opt.output_priv = &path_list;
diff --git a/builtin/push.c b/builtin/push.c
index d0794b7b30..5b6cebbb85 100644
--- a/builtin/push.c
+++ b/builtin/push.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static const char * const push_usage[] = {
 	NULL,
 };
 
-static int push_use_color = -1;
+static enum git_colorbool push_use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 static char push_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
 	GIT_COLOR_RED,	/* ERROR */
diff --git a/builtin/range-diff.c b/builtin/range-diff.c
index aafcc99b96..1bc082a869 100644
--- a/builtin/range-diff.c
+++ b/builtin/range-diff.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "range-diff.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "parse.h"
+#include "color.h"
 
 
 static const char * const builtin_range_diff_usage[] = {
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ int cmd_range_diff(int argc,
 
 	/* force color when --dual-color was used */
 	if (!simple_color)
-		diffopt.use_color = 1;
+		diffopt.use_color = GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS;
 
 	/* If `--diff-merges` was specified, imply `--merges` */
 	if (diff_merges_arg.nr) {
diff --git a/builtin/show-branch.c b/builtin/show-branch.c
index 1ab7db9d2c..441babf2e3 100644
--- a/builtin/show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin/show-branch.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static const char*const show_branch_usage[] = {
     NULL
 };
 
-static int showbranch_use_color = -1;
+static enum git_colorbool showbranch_use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 
 static struct strvec default_args = STRVEC_INIT;
 
diff --git a/color.c b/color.c
index 7df8862c71..07ac8c9d40 100644
--- a/color.c
+++ b/color.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include "pager.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 
-static int git_use_color_default = GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
+static enum git_colorbool git_use_color_default = GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
 int color_stdout_is_tty = -1;
 
 /*
@@ -369,29 +369,29 @@ bad:
 #undef OUT
 }
 
-int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value)
+enum git_colorbool git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	if (value) {
 		if (!strcasecmp(value, "never"))
-			return 0;
+			return GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 		if (!strcasecmp(value, "always"))
-			return 1;
+			return GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS;
 		if (!strcasecmp(value, "auto"))
 			return GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
 	}
 
 	if (!var)
-		return -1;
+		return GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 
 	/* Missing or explicit false to turn off colorization */
 	if (!git_config_bool(var, value))
-		return 0;
+		return GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 
 	/* any normal truth value defaults to 'auto' */
 	return GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
 }
 
-static int check_auto_color(int fd)
+static bool check_auto_color(int fd)
 {
 	static int color_stderr_is_tty = -1;
 	int *is_tty_p = fd == 1 ? &color_stdout_is_tty : &color_stderr_is_tty;
@@ -399,12 +399,12 @@ static int check_auto_color(int fd)
 		*is_tty_p = isatty(fd);
 	if (*is_tty_p || (fd == 1 && pager_in_use() && pager_use_color)) {
 		if (!is_terminal_dumb())
-			return 1;
+			return true;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return false;
 }
 
-int want_color_fd(int fd, int var)
+bool want_color_fd(int fd, enum git_colorbool var)
 {
 	/*
 	 * NEEDSWORK: This function is sometimes used from multiple threads, and
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ int want_color_fd(int fd, int var)
 	if (fd < 1 || fd >= ARRAY_SIZE(want_auto))
 		BUG("file descriptor out of range: %d", fd);
 
-	if (var < 0)
+	if (var == GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN)
 		var = git_use_color_default;
 
 	if (var == GIT_COLOR_AUTO) {
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ int want_color_fd(int fd, int var)
 			want_auto[fd] = check_auto_color(fd);
 		return want_auto[fd];
 	}
-	return var;
+	return var == GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS;
 }
 
 int git_color_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb UNUSED)
diff --git a/color.h b/color.h
index 7ed259a35b..43e6c9ad09 100644
--- a/color.h
+++ b/color.h
@@ -73,10 +73,12 @@ struct strbuf;
  * returned from git_config_colorbool. The "auto" value can be returned from
  * config_colorbool, and will be converted by want_color() into either 0 or 1.
  */
-#define GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN -1
-#define GIT_COLOR_NEVER  0
-#define GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS 1
-#define GIT_COLOR_AUTO   2
+enum git_colorbool {
+	GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN = -1,
+	GIT_COLOR_NEVER = 0,
+	GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS = 1,
+	GIT_COLOR_AUTO = 2,
+};
 
 /* A default list of colors to use for commit graphs and show-branch output */
 extern const char *column_colors_ansi[];
@@ -98,13 +100,13 @@ int git_color_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
  * GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS for "always" or a positive boolean,
  * and GIT_COLOR_AUTO for "auto".
  */
-int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value);
+enum git_colorbool git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value);
 
 /*
  * Return a boolean whether to use color, where the argument 'var' is
  * one of GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN, GIT_COLOR_NEVER, GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS, GIT_COLOR_AUTO.
  */
-int want_color_fd(int fd, int var);
+bool want_color_fd(int fd, enum git_colorbool var);
 #define want_color(colorbool) want_color_fd(1, (colorbool))
 #define want_color_stderr(colorbool) want_color_fd(2, (colorbool))
 
diff --git a/combine-diff.c b/combine-diff.c
index 3878faabe7..21b7fdfff4 100644
--- a/combine-diff.c
+++ b/combine-diff.c
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ static void show_line_to_eol(const char *line, int len, const char *reset)
 
 static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, const char *line_prefix,
 		       unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
-		       int use_color, int result_deleted)
+		       enum git_colorbool use_color, int result_deleted)
 {
 	unsigned long mark = (1UL<<num_parent);
 	unsigned long no_pre_delete = (2UL<<num_parent);
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index 51603117a9..87fa16b730 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static int diff_detect_rename_default;
 static int diff_indent_heuristic = 1;
 static int diff_rename_limit_default = 1000;
 static int diff_suppress_blank_empty;
-static int diff_use_color_default = -1;
+static enum git_colorbool diff_use_color_default = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 static int diff_color_moved_default;
 static int diff_color_moved_ws_default;
 static int diff_context_default = 3;
@@ -1672,7 +1672,7 @@ static void emit_hunk_header(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 	const char *frag = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
 	const char *func = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FUNCINFO);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
-	const char *reverse = ecbdata->color_diff ? GIT_COLOR_REVERSE : "";
+	const char *reverse = want_color(ecbdata->color_diff) ? GIT_COLOR_REVERSE : "";
 	static const char atat[2] = { '@', '@' };
 	const char *cp, *ep;
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1826,7 +1826,7 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 	size_two = fill_textconv(o->repo, textconv_two, two, &data_two);
 
 	memset(&ecbdata, 0, sizeof(ecbdata));
-	ecbdata.color_diff = want_color(o->use_color);
+	ecbdata.color_diff = o->use_color;
 	ecbdata.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(o->repo->index, name_b);
 	ecbdata.opt = o;
 	if (ecbdata.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) {
@@ -2303,7 +2303,7 @@ static void free_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 	}
 }
 
-const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix)
+const char *diff_get_color(enum git_colorbool diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix)
 {
 	if (want_color(diff_use_color))
 		return diff_colors[ix];
@@ -3732,7 +3732,7 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		if (o->flags.suppress_diff_headers)
 			lbl[0] = NULL;
 		ecbdata.label_path = lbl;
-		ecbdata.color_diff = want_color(o->use_color);
+		ecbdata.color_diff = o->use_color;
 		ecbdata.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(o->repo->index, name_b);
 		if (ecbdata.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)
 			check_blank_at_eof(&mf1, &mf2, &ecbdata);
@@ -4497,7 +4497,7 @@ static void fill_metainfo(struct strbuf *msg,
 			  struct diff_options *o,
 			  struct diff_filepair *p,
 			  int *must_show_header,
-			  int use_color)
+			  enum git_colorbool use_color)
 {
 	const char *set = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_METAINFO);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_RESET);
@@ -4596,7 +4596,7 @@ static void run_diff_cmd(const struct external_diff *pgm,
 		 */
 		fill_metainfo(msg, name, other, one, two, o, p,
 			      &must_show_header,
-			      want_color(o->use_color) && !pgm);
+			      pgm ? GIT_COLOR_NEVER : o->use_color);
 		xfrm_msg = msg->len ? msg->buf : NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -4995,8 +4995,7 @@ void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 	if (options->flags.follow_renames)
 		diff_check_follow_pathspec(&options->pathspec, 1);
 
-	if (!options->use_color ||
-	    (options->flags.allow_external && external_diff()))
+	if (options->flags.allow_external && external_diff())
 		options->color_moved = 0;
 
 	if (options->filter_not) {
@@ -5278,7 +5277,7 @@ static int diff_opt_color_words(const struct option *opt,
 	struct diff_options *options = opt->value;
 
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
-	options->use_color = 1;
+	options->use_color = GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS;
 	options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_COLOR;
 	options->word_regex = arg;
 	return 0;
@@ -5600,7 +5599,7 @@ static int diff_opt_word_diff(const struct option *opt,
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "plain"))
 			options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_PLAIN;
 		else if (!strcmp(arg, "color")) {
-			options->use_color = 1;
+			options->use_color = GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS;
 			options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_COLOR;
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(arg, "porcelain"))
@@ -6733,7 +6732,7 @@ static void diff_flush_patch_all_file_pairs(struct diff_options *o)
 	if (WSEH_NEW & WS_RULE_MASK)
 		BUG("WS rules bit mask overlaps with diff symbol flags");
 
-	if (o->color_moved)
+	if (o->color_moved && want_color(o->use_color))
 		o->emitted_symbols = &esm;
 
 	if (o->additional_path_headers)
@@ -6746,20 +6745,17 @@ static void diff_flush_patch_all_file_pairs(struct diff_options *o)
 	}
 
 	if (o->emitted_symbols) {
-		if (o->color_moved) {
-			struct mem_pool entry_pool;
-			struct moved_entry_list *entry_list;
+		struct mem_pool entry_pool;
+		struct moved_entry_list *entry_list;
 
-			mem_pool_init(&entry_pool, 1024 * 1024);
-			entry_list = add_lines_to_move_detection(o,
-								 &entry_pool);
-			mark_color_as_moved(o, entry_list);
-			if (o->color_moved == COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA_DIM)
-				dim_moved_lines(o);
+		mem_pool_init(&entry_pool, 1024 * 1024);
+		entry_list = add_lines_to_move_detection(o, &entry_pool);
+		mark_color_as_moved(o, entry_list);
+		if (o->color_moved == COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA_DIM)
+			dim_moved_lines(o);
 
-			mem_pool_discard(&entry_pool, 0);
-			free(entry_list);
-		}
+		mem_pool_discard(&entry_pool, 0);
+		free(entry_list);
 
 		for (i = 0; i < esm.nr; i++)
 			emit_diff_symbol_from_struct(o, &esm.buf[i]);
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index 9bb939a4f1..bccd86a748 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "hash.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
+#include "color.h"
 
 struct oidset;
 
@@ -283,7 +284,7 @@ struct diff_options {
 	/* diff-filter bits */
 	unsigned int filter, filter_not;
 
-	int use_color;
+	enum git_colorbool use_color;
 
 	/* Number of context lines to generate in patch output. */
 	int context;
@@ -469,7 +470,7 @@ enum color_diff {
 	DIFF_FILE_NEW_BOLD = 22,
 };
 
-const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix);
+const char *diff_get_color(enum git_colorbool diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix);
 #define diff_get_color_opt(o, ix) \
 	diff_get_color((o)->use_color, ix)
 
diff --git a/grep.c b/grep.c
index 932647e4a6..c7e1dc1e0e 100644
--- a/grep.c
+++ b/grep.c
@@ -1263,12 +1263,12 @@ static void show_line(struct grep_opt *opt,
 		 */
 		show_line_header(opt, name, lno, cno, sign);
 	}
-	if (opt->color || opt->only_matching) {
+	if (want_color(opt->color) || opt->only_matching) {
 		regmatch_t match;
 		enum grep_context ctx = GREP_CONTEXT_BODY;
 		int eflags = 0;
 
-		if (opt->color) {
+		if (want_color(opt->color)) {
 			if (sign == ':')
 				match_color = opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_MATCH_SELECTED];
 			else
diff --git a/grep.h b/grep.h
index 926c0875c4..13e26a9318 100644
--- a/grep.h
+++ b/grep.h
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ struct grep_opt {
 	int pathname;
 	int null_following_name;
 	int only_matching;
-	int color;
+	enum git_colorbool color;
 	int max_depth;
 	int funcname;
 	int funcbody;
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ struct grep_opt {
 		[GREP_COLOR_SEP] = GIT_COLOR_CYAN, \
 	}, \
 	.only_matching = 0, \
-	.color = -1, \
+	.color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN, \
 	.output = std_output, \
 }
 
diff --git a/log-tree.c b/log-tree.c
index 73d21f7176..67d9ace596 100644
--- a/log-tree.c
+++ b/log-tree.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static const char *color_decorate_slots[] = {
 	[DECORATION_GRAFTED]	= "grafted",
 };
 
-static const char *decorate_get_color(int decorate_use_color, enum decoration_type ix)
+static const char *decorate_get_color(enum git_colorbool decorate_use_color, enum decoration_type ix)
 {
 	if (want_color(decorate_use_color))
 		return decoration_colors[ix];
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ static void show_name(struct strbuf *sb, const struct name_decoration *decoratio
  */
 void format_decorations(struct strbuf *sb,
 			const struct commit *commit,
-			int use_color,
+			enum git_colorbool use_color,
 			const struct decoration_options *opts)
 {
 	const struct name_decoration *decoration;
diff --git a/log-tree.h b/log-tree.h
index ebe491c543..07924be8bc 100644
--- a/log-tree.h
+++ b/log-tree.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef LOG_TREE_H
 #define LOG_TREE_H
 
+#include "color.h"
+
 struct rev_info;
 
 struct log_info {
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *);
 int log_tree_commit(struct rev_info *, struct commit *);
 void show_log(struct rev_info *opt);
 void format_decorations(struct strbuf *sb, const struct commit *commit,
-			int use_color, const struct decoration_options *opts);
+			enum git_colorbool use_color, const struct decoration_options *opts);
 void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit);
 void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 			     char **extra_headers_p,
diff --git a/parse-options-cb.c b/parse-options-cb.c
index 50c8afe412..976cc86385 100644
--- a/parse-options-cb.c
+++ b/parse-options-cb.c
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ int parse_opt_expiry_date_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 int parse_opt_color_flag_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 			    int unset)
 {
-	int value;
+	enum git_colorbool value;
 
 	if (!arg)
 		arg = unset ? "never" : (const char *)opt->defval;
 	value = git_config_colorbool(NULL, arg);
-	if (value < 0)
+	if (value == GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN)
 		return error(_("option `%s' expects \"always\", \"auto\", or \"never\""),
 			     opt->long_name);
 	*(int *)opt->value = value;
diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
index cee96b9d94..e0646bbc5d 100644
--- a/pretty.c
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ static inline void strbuf_add_with_color(struct strbuf *sb, const char *color,
 
 static void append_line_with_color(struct strbuf *sb, struct grep_opt *opt,
 				   const char *line, size_t linelen,
-				   int color, enum grep_context ctx,
+				   enum git_colorbool color, enum grep_context ctx,
 				   enum grep_header_field field)
 {
 	const char *buf, *eol, *line_color, *match_color;
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@ struct format_commit_context {
 	const char *message;
 	char *commit_encoding;
 	size_t width, indent1, indent2;
-	int auto_color;
+	enum git_colorbool auto_color;
 	int padding;
 
 	/* These offsets are relative to the start of the commit message. */
@@ -1455,14 +1455,14 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'C':
 		if (starts_with(placeholder + 1, "(auto)")) {
-			c->auto_color = want_color(c->pretty_ctx->color);
-			if (c->auto_color && sb->len)
+			c->auto_color = c->pretty_ctx->color;
+			if (want_color(c->auto_color) && sb->len)
 				strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 			return 7; /* consumed 7 bytes, "C(auto)" */
 		} else {
 			int ret = parse_color(sb, placeholder, c);
 			if (ret)
-				c->auto_color = 0;
+				c->auto_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 			/*
 			 * Otherwise, we decided to treat %C<unknown>
 			 * as a literal string, and the previous
@@ -2167,7 +2167,7 @@ static int pp_utf8_width(const char *start, const char *end)
 }
 
 static void strbuf_add_tabexpand(struct strbuf *sb, struct grep_opt *opt,
-				 int color, int tabwidth, const char *line,
+				 enum git_colorbool color, int tabwidth, const char *line,
 				 int linelen)
 {
 	const char *tab;
diff --git a/pretty.h b/pretty.h
index df267afe4a..fac699033e 100644
--- a/pretty.h
+++ b/pretty.h
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "date.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "color.h"
 
 struct commit;
 struct repository;
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ struct pretty_print_context {
 	struct rev_info *rev;
 	const char *output_encoding;
 	struct string_list *mailmap;
-	int color;
+	enum git_colorbool color;
 	struct ident_split *from_ident;
 	unsigned encode_email_headers:1;
 	struct pretty_print_describe_status *describe_status;
diff --git a/ref-filter.h b/ref-filter.h
index f22ca94b49..81f2c229a9 100644
--- a/ref-filter.h
+++ b/ref-filter.h
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ struct ref_format {
 	const char *format;
 	const char *rest;
 	int quote_style;
-	int use_color;
+	enum git_colorbool use_color;
 
 	/* Internal state to ref-filter */
 	int need_color_reset_at_eol;
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ struct ref_format {
 	.exclude = STRVEC_INIT, \
 }
 #define REF_FORMAT_INIT {             \
-	.use_color = -1,              \
+	.use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN, \
 }
 
 /*  Macros for checking --merged and --no-merged options */
diff --git a/sideband.c b/sideband.c
index 8f15b98a65..ea7c25211e 100644
--- a/sideband.c
+++ b/sideband.c
@@ -27,16 +27,16 @@ static struct keyword_entry keywords[] = {
 };
 
 /* Returns a color setting (GIT_COLOR_NEVER, etc). */
-static int use_sideband_colors(void)
+static enum git_colorbool use_sideband_colors(void)
 {
-	static int use_sideband_colors_cached = -1;
+	static enum git_colorbool use_sideband_colors_cached = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 
 	const char *key = "color.remote";
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *value;
 	int i;
 
-	if (use_sideband_colors_cached >= 0)
+	if (use_sideband_colors_cached != GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN)
 		return use_sideband_colors_cached;
 
 	if (!repo_config_get_string_tmp(the_repository, key, &value))
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index 6ac8aa402b..c7f06a7382 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include "color.h"
 #include "bundle-uri.h"
 
-static int transport_use_color = -1;
+static enum git_colorbool transport_use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 static char transport_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
 	GIT_COLOR_RED		/* REJECTED */
diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index 21dabab77d..8ffe6d3988 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void wt_status_prepare(struct repository *r, struct wt_status *s)
 	memcpy(s->color_palette, default_wt_status_colors,
 	       sizeof(default_wt_status_colors));
 	s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
-	s->use_color = -1;
+	s->use_color = GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN;
 	s->relative_paths = 1;
 	s->branch = refs_resolve_refdup(get_main_ref_store(the_repository),
 					"HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
@@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ static void wt_longstatus_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
 	 * before.
 	 */
 	if (s->fp != stdout) {
-		rev.diffopt.use_color = 0;
+		rev.diffopt.use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 		wt_status_add_cut_line(s);
 	}
 	if (s->verbose > 1 && s->committable) {
@@ -2155,7 +2155,7 @@ static void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s)
 
 static void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	s->use_color = 0;
+	s->use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 	s->relative_paths = 0;
 	s->prefix = NULL;
 	s->no_gettext = 1;
diff --git a/wt-status.h b/wt-status.h
index 4e377ce62b..e40a27214a 100644
--- a/wt-status.h
+++ b/wt-status.h
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ struct wt_status {
 	int amend;
 	enum commit_whence whence;
 	int nowarn;
-	int use_color;
+	enum git_colorbool use_color;
 	int no_gettext;
 	int display_comment_prefix;
 	int relative_paths;