builtin-apply: accept patch to an empty file

A patch from a foreign SCM (or plain "diff" output) often have both
preimage and postimage filename on ---/+++ lines even for a patch that
creates a new file.  However, when there is a filename for preimage, we
used to insist the file to exist (either in the work tree and/or in the
index).  When we cannot be sure by parsing the patch that it is not a
creation patch, we shouldn't complain when if there is no such a file.
This commit fixes the logic.

Refactor the code that validates the preimage file into a separate
function while we are at it, as it is getting rather big.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

builtin-apply.c

@@ -2267,16 +2267,11 @@ static int verify_index_match(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 	return ce_match_stat(ce, st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID);
 }
 
-static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
+static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct stat *st)
 {
-	struct stat st;
 	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
-	const char *new_name = patch->new_name;
-	const char *name = old_name ? old_name : new_name;
-	struct cache_entry *ce = NULL;
-	int ok_if_exists;
-
-	patch->rejected = 1; /* we will drop this after we succeed */
+	int stat_ret = 0;
+	unsigned st_mode = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * Make sure that we do not have local modifications from the
@@ -2284,23 +2279,25 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
 	 * we have the preimage file to be patched in the work tree,
 	 * unless --cached, which tells git to apply only in the index.
 	 */
-	if (old_name) {
-		int stat_ret = 0;
-		unsigned st_mode = 0;
+	if (!old_name)
+		return 0;
 
-		if (!cached)
-			stat_ret = lstat(old_name, &st);
+	assert(patch->is_new <= 0);
+	if (!cached) {
+		stat_ret = lstat(old_name, st);
+		if (stat_ret && errno != ENOENT)
+			return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
+	}
 	if (check_index) {
 		int pos = cache_name_pos(old_name, strlen(old_name));
-			if (pos < 0)
-				return error("%s: does not exist in index",
-					     old_name);
-			ce = active_cache[pos];
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			if (patch->is_new < 0)
+				goto is_new;
+			return error("%s: does not exist in index", old_name);
+		}
+		*ce = active_cache[pos];
 		if (stat_ret < 0) {
 			struct checkout costate;
-				if (errno != ENOENT)
-					return error("%s: %s", old_name,
-						     strerror(errno));
 			/* checkout */
 			costate.base_dir = "";
 			costate.base_dir_len = 0;
@@ -2308,22 +2305,22 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
 			costate.quiet = 0;
 			costate.not_new = 0;
 			costate.refresh_cache = 1;
-				if (checkout_entry(ce,
-						   &costate,
-						   NULL) ||
-				    lstat(old_name, &st))
+			if (checkout_entry(*ce, &costate, NULL) ||
+			    lstat(old_name, st))
 				return -1;
 		}
-			if (!cached && verify_index_match(ce, &st))
-				return error("%s: does not match index",
-					     old_name);
+		if (!cached && verify_index_match(*ce, st))
+			return error("%s: does not match index", old_name);
 		if (cached)
-				st_mode = ce->ce_mode;
-		} else if (stat_ret < 0)
+			st_mode = (*ce)->ce_mode;
+	} else if (stat_ret < 0) {
+		if (patch->is_new < 0)
+			goto is_new;
 		return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
+	}
 
 	if (!cached)
-			st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
+		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
 
 	if (patch->is_new < 0)
 		patch->is_new = 0;
@@ -2334,7 +2331,31 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
 	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
 		fprintf(stderr, "warning: %s has type %o, expected %o\n",
 			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
-	}
+	return 0;
+
+ is_new:
+	patch->is_new = 1;
+	patch->is_delete = 0;
+	patch->old_name = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
+	const char *new_name = patch->new_name;
+	const char *name = old_name ? old_name : new_name;
+	struct cache_entry *ce = NULL;
+	int ok_if_exists;
+	int status;
+
+	patch->rejected = 1; /* we will drop this after we succeed */
+
+	status = check_preimage(patch, &ce, &st);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+	old_name = patch->old_name;
 
 	if (new_name && prev_patch && 0 < prev_patch->is_delete &&
 	    !strcmp(prev_patch->old_name, new_name))