for-each-repo: run subcommands on configured repos

It can be helpful to store a list of repositories in global or system
config and then iterate Git commands on that list. Create a new builtin
that makes this process simple for experts. We will use this builtin to
run scheduled maintenance on all configured repositories in a future
change.

The test is very simple, but does highlight that the "--" argument is
optional.

Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

.gitignore

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
 /git-filter-branch
 /git-fmt-merge-msg
 /git-for-each-ref
+/git-for-each-repo
 /git-format-patch
 /git-fsck
 /git-fsck-objects

Documentation/git-for-each-repo.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+git-for-each-repo(1)
+====================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-for-each-repo - Run a Git command on a list of repositories
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git for-each-repo' --config=<config> [--] <arguments>
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Run a Git command on a list of repositories. The arguments after the
+known options or `--` indicator are used as the arguments for the Git
+subprocess.
+
+THIS COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL. THE BEHAVIOR MAY CHANGE.
+
+For example, we could run maintenance on each of a list of repositories
+stored in a `maintenance.repo` config variable using
+
+-------------
+git for-each-repo --config=maintenance.repo maintenance run
+-------------
+
+This will run `git -C <repo> maintenance run` for each value `<repo>`
+in the multi-valued config variable `maintenance.repo`.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+--config=<config>::
+	Use the given config variable as a multi-valued list storing
+	absolute path names. Iterate on that list of paths to run
+	the given arguments.
++
+These config values are loaded from system, global, and local Git config,
+as available. If `git for-each-repo` is run in a directory that is not a
+Git repository, then only the system and global config is used.
+
+
+SUBPROCESS BEHAVIOR
+-------------------
+
+If any `git -C <repo> <arguments>` subprocess returns a non-zero exit code,
+then the `git for-each-repo` process returns that exit code without running
+more subprocesses.
+
+Each `git -C <repo> <arguments>` subprocess inherits the standard file
+descriptors `stdin`, `stdout`, and `stderr`.
+
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Makefile

@@ -1071,6 +1071,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/fetch-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/fetch.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/fmt-merge-msg.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/for-each-ref.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/for-each-repo.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/fsck.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/gc.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/get-tar-commit-id.o

builtin.h

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+int cmd_for_each_repo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);

builtin/for-each-repo.c

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+static const char * const for_each_repo_usage[] = {
+	N_("git for-each-repo --config=<config> <command-args>"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int run_command_on_repo(const char *path,
+			       void *cbdata)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strvec *args = (struct strvec *)cbdata;
+
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	strvec_pushl(&child.args, "-C", path, NULL);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < args->nr; i++)
+		strvec_push(&child.args, args->v[i]);
+
+	return run_command(&child);
+}
+
+int cmd_for_each_repo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	static const char *config_key = NULL;
+	int i, result = 0;
+	const struct string_list *values;
+	struct strvec args = STRVEC_INIT;
+
+	const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "config", &config_key, N_("config"),
+			   N_("config key storing a list of repository paths")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, for_each_repo_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+
+	if (!config_key)
+		die(_("missing --config=<config>"));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		strvec_push(&args, argv[i]);
+
+	values = repo_config_get_value_multi(the_repository,
+					     config_key);
+
+	for (i = 0; !result && i < values->nr; i++)
+		result = run_command_on_repo(values->items[i].string, &args);
+
+	return result;
+}

command-list.txt

@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ git-fetch-pack                          synchingrepositories
 git-filter-branch                       ancillarymanipulators
 git-fmt-merge-msg                       purehelpers
 git-for-each-ref                        plumbinginterrogators
+git-for-each-repo                       plumbinginterrogators
 git-format-patch                        mainporcelain
 git-fsck                                ancillaryinterrogators          complete
 git-gc                                  mainporcelain

git.c

@@ -511,6 +511,7 @@ static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 	{ "fetch-pack", cmd_fetch_pack, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "fmt-merge-msg", cmd_fmt_merge_msg, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "for-each-ref", cmd_for_each_ref, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "for-each-repo", cmd_for_each_repo, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 	{ "format-patch", cmd_format_patch, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "fsck", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "fsck-objects", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },

t/t0068-for-each-repo.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git for-each-repo builtin'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'run based on configured value' '
+	git init one &&
+	git init two &&
+	git init three &&
+	git -C two commit --allow-empty -m "DID NOT RUN" &&
+	git config run.key "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/one" &&
+	git config --add run.key "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/three" &&
+	git for-each-repo --config=run.key commit --allow-empty -m "ran" &&
+	git -C one log -1 --pretty=format:%s >message &&
+	grep ran message &&
+	git -C two log -1 --pretty=format:%s >message &&
+	! grep ran message &&
+	git -C three log -1 --pretty=format:%s >message &&
+	grep ran message &&
+	git for-each-repo --config=run.key -- commit --allow-empty -m "ran again" &&
+	git -C one log -1 --pretty=format:%s >message &&
+	grep again message &&
+	git -C two log -1 --pretty=format:%s >message &&
+	! grep again message &&
+	git -C three log -1 --pretty=format:%s >message &&
+	grep again message
+'
+
+test_done