commit: add --trailer option

Historically, Git has supported the 'Signed-off-by' commit trailer
using the '--signoff' and the '-s' option from the command line.
But users may need to provide other trailer information from the
command line such as "Helped-by", "Reported-by", "Mentored-by",

Now implement a new `--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>]` option to pass
other trailers to `interpret-trailers` and insert them into commit
messages.

Signed-off-by: ZheNing Hu <adlternative@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Documentation/git-commit.txt

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	   [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
 	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--[no-]status]
 	   [-i | -o] [--pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]]
-	   [-S[<keyid>]] [--] [<pathspec>...]
+	   [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [-S[<keyid>]]
+	   [--] [<pathspec>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -166,6 +167,17 @@ The `-m` option is mutually exclusive with `-c`, `-C`, and `-F`.
 
 include::signoff-option.txt[]
 
+--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>]::
+	Specify a (<token>, <value>) pair that should be applied as a
+	trailer. (e.g. `git commit --trailer "Signed-off-by:C O Mitter \
+	<committer@example.com>" --trailer "Helped-by:C O Mitter \
+	<committer@example.com>"` will add the "Signed-off-by" trailer
+	and the "Helped-by" trailer to the commit message.)
+	The `trailer.*` configuration variables
+	(linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]) can be used to define if
+	a duplicated trailer is omitted, where in the run of trailers
+	each trailer would appear, and other details.
+
 -n::
 --no-verify::
 	This option bypasses the pre-commit and commit-msg hooks.

builtin/commit.c

@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ static int config_commit_verbose = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int no_post_rewrite, allow_empty_message, pathspec_file_nul;
 static char *untracked_files_arg, *force_date, *ignore_submodule_arg, *ignored_arg;
 static char *sign_commit, *pathspec_from_file;
+static struct strvec trailer_args = STRVEC_INIT;
 
 /*
  * The default commit message cleanup mode will remove the lines
@@ -131,6 +132,14 @@ static struct strbuf message = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 static enum wt_status_format status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED;
 
+static int opt_pass_trailer(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
+
+	strvec_pushl(&trailer_args, "--trailer", arg, NULL);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int opt_parse_porcelain(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	enum wt_status_format *value = (enum wt_status_format *)opt->value;
@@ -958,6 +967,18 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 
 	fclose(s->fp);
 
+	if (trailer_args.nr) {
+		struct child_process run_trailer = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		strvec_pushl(&run_trailer.args, "interpret-trailers",
+			     "--in-place", git_path_commit_editmsg(), NULL);
+		strvec_pushv(&run_trailer.args, trailer_args.v);
+		run_trailer.git_cmd = 1;
+		if (run_command(&run_trailer))
+			die(_("unable to pass trailers to --trailers"));
+		strvec_clear(&trailer_args);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Reject an attempt to record a non-merge empty commit without
 	 * explicit --allow-empty. In the cherry-pick case, it may be
@@ -1507,6 +1528,7 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_STRING(0, "fixup", &fixup_message, N_("commit"), N_("use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "squash", &squash_message, N_("commit"), N_("use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "reset-author", &renew_authorship, N_("the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "trailer", NULL, N_("trailer"), N_("add custom trailer(s)"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG, opt_pass_trailer),
 		OPT_BOOL('s', "signoff", &signoff, N_("add a Signed-off-by trailer")),
 		OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, N_("use specified template file")),
 		OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &edit_flag, N_("force edit of commit")),

t/t7502-commit-porcelain.sh

@@ -38,6 +38,16 @@ check_summary_oneline() {
 	test_cmp exp act
 }
 
+trailer_commit_base () {
+	echo "fun" >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -s --trailer "Signed-off-by=C1 E1 " \
+		--trailer "Helped-by:C2 E2 " \
+		--trailer "Reported-by=C3 E3" \
+		--trailer "Mentored-by:C4 E4" \
+		-m "hello"
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'output summary format' '
 
 	echo new >file1 &&
@@ -154,6 +164,308 @@ test_expect_success 'sign off' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with "="' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "replace" as ifexists' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Helped-by: C3 E3
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ifexists="replace" \
+		commit --trailer "Mentored-by: C4 E4" \
+		 --trailer "Helped-by: C3 E3" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d"  commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "add" as ifexists' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ifexists="add" \
+		commit --trailer "Reported-by: C3 E3" \
+		--trailer "Mentored-by: C4 E4" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d"  commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "donothing" as ifexists' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Reviewed-by: C6 E6
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ifexists="donothing" \
+		commit --trailer "Mentored-by: C5 E5" \
+		--trailer "Reviewed-by: C6 E6" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d"  commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "addIfDifferent" as ifexists' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Mentored-by: C5 E5
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ifexists="addIfDifferent" \
+		commit --trailer "Reported-by: C3 E3" \
+		--trailer "Mentored-by: C5 E5" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d"  commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "addIfDifferentNeighbor" as ifexists' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ifexists="addIfDifferentNeighbor" \
+		commit --trailer "Mentored-by: C4 E4" \
+		--trailer "Reported-by: C3 E3" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d"  commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "end" as where' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.where="end" \
+		commit --trailer "Reported-by: C3 E3" \
+		--trailer "Mentored-by: C4 E4" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "start" as where' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.where="start" \
+		commit --trailer "Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>" \
+		--trailer "Signed-off-by: C1 E1" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "after" as where' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Mentored-by: C5 E5
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.where="after" \
+		commit --trailer "Mentored-by: C4 E4" \
+		--trailer "Mentored-by: C5 E5" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "before" as where' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C2 E2
+	Mentored-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.where="before" \
+		commit --trailer "Mentored-by: C3 E3" \
+		--trailer "Mentored-by: C2 E2" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "donothing" as ifmissing' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Helped-by: C5 E5
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ifmissing="donothing" \
+		commit --trailer "Helped-by: C5 E5" \
+		--trailer "Based-by: C6 E6" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and "add" as ifmissing' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Reported-by: C3 E3
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Helped-by: C5 E5
+	Based-by: C6 E6
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ifmissing="add" \
+		commit --trailer "Helped-by: C5 E5" \
+		--trailer "Based-by: C6 E6" \
+		--amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c ack.key ' '
+	echo "fun" >>file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		hello
+
+		Acked-by: Peff
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.ack.key="Acked-by" \
+		commit --trailer "ack = Peff" -m "hello" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and ":=#" as separators' '
+	echo "fun" >>file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		I hate bug
+
+		Bug #42
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.separators=":=#" \
+		-c trailer.bug.key="Bug #" \
+		commit --trailer "bug = 42" -m "I hate bug" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --trailer with -c and command' '
+	trailer_commit_base &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	hello
+
+	Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+	Signed-off-by: C1 E1
+	Helped-by: C2 E2
+	Mentored-by: C4 E4
+	Reported-by: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+	EOF
+	git -c trailer.report.key="Reported-by: " \
+		-c trailer.report.ifexists="replace" \
+		-c trailer.report.command="NAME=\"\$ARG\"; test -n \"\$NAME\" && \
+		git log --author=\"\$NAME\" -1 --format=\"format:%aN <%aE>\" || true" \
+		commit --trailer "report = author" --amend &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.msg &&
+	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" commit.msg >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'multiple -m' '
 
 	>negative &&