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DRACUT(8) |
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========= |
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:doctype: manpage |
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:man source: dracut |
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:man manual: dracut |
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NAME |
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---- |
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dracut - low-level tool for generating an initramfs image |
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SYNOPSIS |
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-------- |
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*dracut* ['OPTION...'] [<image> [_<kernel version>_]] |
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DESCRIPTION |
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----------- |
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dracut creates an initial image used by the kernel for preloading the block |
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device modules (such as IDE, SCSI or RAID) which are needed to access the root |
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filesystem, mounting the root filesystem and booting into the real system. |
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At boot time, the kernel unpacks that archive into RAM disk, mounts and uses it |
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as initial root file system. All finding of the root device happens in this |
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early userspace. |
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For a complete list of kernel command line options see *dracut.cmdline*(7) |
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OPTIONS |
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------- |
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**-f, --force**:: |
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overwrite existing initramfs file. |
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**-m, --modules** _<list of dracut modules>_:: |
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specify a space-separated list of dracut modules to call when building the |
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initramfs. Modules are located in _/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d_. This |
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parameter can be specified multiple times. |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --modules "module1 module2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**-o, --omit** _<list of dracut modules>_:: |
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omit a space-separated list of dracut modules. This parameter can be |
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specified multiple times. |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --omit "module1 module2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**-a, --add** _<list of dracut modules>_:: |
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add a space-separated list of dracut modules to the default set of modules. |
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This parameter can be specified multiple times. |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --add "module1 module2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**--force-add** _<list of dracut modules>_:: |
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force to add a space-separated list of dracut modules to the default set of |
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modules, when -H is specified. This parameter can be specified multiple |
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times. |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --force-add "module1 module2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**-d, --drivers** _<list of kernel modules>_:: |
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specify a space-separated list of kernel modules to exclusively include |
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in the initramfs. The kernel modules have to be specified without the ".ko" |
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suffix. This parameter can be specified multiple times. |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --drivers "kmodule1 kmodule2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**--add-drivers** _<list of kernel modules>_:: |
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specify a space-separated list of kernel modules to add to the initramfs. |
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The kernel modules have to be specified without the ".ko" suffix. This |
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parameter can be specified multiple times. |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --add-drivers "kmodule1 kmodule2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**--omit-drivers** _<list of kernel modules>_:: |
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specify a space-separated list of kernel modules not to add to the |
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initramfs. |
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The kernel modules have to be specified without the ".ko" suffix. This |
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parameter can be specified multiple times. |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --omit-drivers "kmodule1 kmodule2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**--filesystems** _<list of filesystems>_:: |
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specify a space-separated list of kernel filesystem modules to exclusively |
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include in the generic initramfs. This parameter can be specified multiple |
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times. |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --filesystems "filesystem1 filesystem2" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**-k, --kmoddir** _<kernel directory>_:: |
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specify the directory, where to look for kernel modules |
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**--fwdir** _<dir>[:<dir>...]++_:: |
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specify additional directories, where to look for firmwares. This parameter |
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can be specified multiple times. |
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**--kernel-only**:: |
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only install kernel drivers and firmware files |
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**--no-kernel**:: |
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do not install kernel drivers and firmware files |
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**--mdadmconf**:: |
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include local _/etc/mdadm.conf_ |
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**--nomdadmconf**:: |
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do not include local _/etc/mdadm.conf_ |
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**--lvmconf**:: |
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include local _/etc/lvm/lvm.conf_ |
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**--nolvmconf**:: |
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do not include local _/etc/lvm/lvm.conf_ |
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**--fscks** [LIST]:: |
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add a space-separated list of fsck tools, in addition to _dracut.conf_'s |
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specification; the installation is opportunistic (non-existing tools are |
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ignored) |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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---- |
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# dracut --fscks "fsck.foo barfsck" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**--nofscks**:: |
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inhibit installation of any fsck tools |
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**--strip**:: |
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strip binaries in the initramfs |
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**--nostrip**:: |
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do not strip binaries in the initramfs (default) |
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**--hardlink**:: |
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hardlink files in the initramfs (default) |
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**--nohardlink**:: |
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do not hardlink files in the initramfs |
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**--prefix** _<dir>_:: |
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prefix initramfs files with the specified directory |
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**--noprefix**:: |
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do not prefix initramfs files (default) |
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**-h, --help**:: |
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display help text and exit. |
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**--debug**:: |
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output debug information of the build process |
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**-v, --verbose**:: |
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increase verbosity level (default is info(4)) |
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**-q, --quiet**:: decrease verbosity level (default is info(4)) |
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**-c, --conf** _<dracut configuration file>_:: |
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specify configuration file to use. |
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Default: |
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_/etc/dracut.conf_ |
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**--confdir** _<configuration directory>_:: |
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specify configuration directory to use. |
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Default: |
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_/etc/dracut.conf.d_ |
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**--tmpdir** _<temporary directory>_:: |
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specify temporary directory to use. |
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Default: |
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_/var/tmp_ |
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**--sshkey** _<sshkey file>_:: ssh key file used with ssh-client module. |
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**-l, --local**:: |
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activates the local mode. dracut will use modules from the current working |
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directory instead of the system-wide installed modules in |
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_/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d_. |
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This is useful when running dracut from a git checkout. |
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**-H, --hostonly**:: |
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Host-Only mode: Install only what is needed for booting the local host |
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instead of a generic host and generate host-specific configuration. |
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[WARNING] |
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If chrooted to another root other than the real root device, use "--fstab" and |
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provide a valid _/etc/fstab_. |
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==== |
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**--no-hostonly**:: |
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Disable Host-Only mode |
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**--fstab**:: |
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Use _/etc/fstab_ instead of _/proc/self/mountinfo_. |
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**--add-fstab** _<filename>_ :: |
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Add entries of _<filename>_ to the initramfs /etc/fstab. |
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**--mount** "_<device>_ _<mountpoint>_ _<filesystem type>_ _<filesystem options>_":: |
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Mount _<device>_ on _<mountpoint>_ with _<filesystem type>_ and _<filesystem |
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options>_ in the initramfs |
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**-i, --include** _<SOURCE>_ _<TARGET>_:: |
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include the files in the SOURCE directory into the |
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TARGET directory in the final initramfs. If SOURCE is a file, it will be |
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installed to TARGET in the final initramfs. This parameter can be specified |
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multiple times. |
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**-I, --install** _<file list>_:: |
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install the space separated list of files into the initramfs. |
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+ |
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[NOTE] |
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=============================== |
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If [LIST] has multiple arguments, then you have to put these in quotes. For |
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example: |
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+ |
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---- |
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# dracut --install "/bin/foo /sbin/bar" ... |
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---- |
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=============================== |
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**--gzip**:: |
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Compress the generated initramfs using gzip. This will be done by default, |
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unless another compression option or --no-compress is passed. Equivalent to |
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"--compress=gzip -9" |
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**--bzip2**:: |
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Compress the generated initramfs using bzip2. |
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[WARNING] |
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==== |
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Make sure your kernel has bzip2 decompression support compiled in, otherwise you |
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will not be able to boot. Equivalent to "--compress=bzip2" |
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**--lzma**:: |
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Compress the generated initramfs using lzma. |
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[WARNING] |
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Make sure your kernel has lzma decompression support compiled in, otherwise you |
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will not be able to boot. Equivalent to "--compress=lzma -9" |
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**--xz**:: |
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Compress the generated initramfs using xz. |
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[WARNING] |
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Make sure your kernel has xz decompression support compiled in, otherwise you |
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will not be able to boot. Equivalent to "--compress=xz --check=crc32 |
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--lzma2=dict=1MiB" |
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==== |
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**--compress** _<compressor>_:: |
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Compress the generated initramfs using the passed compression program. If |
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you pass it just the name of a compression program, it will call that |
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program with known-working arguments. If you pass a quoted string with |
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arguments, it will be called with exactly those arguments. Depending on what |
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you pass, this may result in an initramfs that the kernel cannot decompress. |
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**--no-compress**:: |
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Do not compress the generated initramfs. This will override any other |
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compression options. |
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**--list-modules**:: |
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List all available dracut modules. |
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**-M, --show-modules**:: |
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Print included module's name to standard output during build. |
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**--keep**:: |
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Keep the initramfs temporary directory for debugging purposes. |
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FILES |
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----- |
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_/var/log/dracut.log_:: |
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logfile of initramfs image creation |
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_/tmp/dracut.log_:: |
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logfile of initramfs image creation, if _/var/log/dracut.log_ is not |
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writable |
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_/etc/dracut.conf_:: |
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see dracut.conf5 |
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_/etc/dracut.conf.d/*.conf_:: |
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see dracut.conf5 |
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Configuration in the initramfs |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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_/etc/conf.d/_:: |
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Any files found in _/etc/conf.d/_ will be sourced in the initramfs to |
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set initial values. Command line options will override these values |
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set in the configuration files. |
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_/etc/cmdline_:: |
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Can contain additional command line options. |
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AVAILABILITY |
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------------ |
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The dracut command is part of the dracut package and is available from |
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link:$$https://dracut.wiki.kernel.org$$[https://dracut.wiki.kernel.org] |
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AUTHORS |
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------- |
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Harald Hoyer |
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Victor Lowther |
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Philippe Seewer |
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Warren Togami |
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Amadeusz Żołnowski |
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Jeremy Katz |
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David Dillow |
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Will Woods |
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SEE ALSO |
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-------- |
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*dracut.cmdline*(7) *dracut.conf*(5)
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