kernel
/
dracut
mirror of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/boot/dracut/dracut.git/
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Projects Releases Wiki Activity

documentation: line wrap

master
Harald Hoyer 2014-01-09 12:17:01 +01:00
parent a956a464ef
commit ef9ddb915b
8 changed files with 163 additions and 101 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

16
dracut.8.asc
View File

@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ For a complete list of kernel command line options see *dracut.cmdline*(7).
If you are dropped to an emergency shell, while booting your initramfs, If you are dropped to an emergency shell, while booting your initramfs,
the file _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ is created, which can be safed to a the file _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ is created, which can be safed to a
(to be mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick. (to be mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick.
Additional debugging info can be produced by adding **rd.debug** to the kernel command line. Additional debugging info can be produced by adding **rd.debug** to the kernel
_/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ contains all logs and the output of some tools. command line. _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ contains all logs and the output
It should be attached to any report about dracut problems. of some tools. It should be attached to any report about dracut problems.


USAGE USAGE
----- -----
@ -368,7 +368,8 @@ will not be able to boot. Equivalent to "lzma --compress=lzma -9"
[WARNING] [WARNING]
==== ====
Make sure your kernel has xz decompression support compiled in, otherwise you Make sure your kernel has xz decompression support compiled in, otherwise you
will not be able to boot. Equivalent to "lzma --compress=xz --check=crc32 --lzma2=dict=1MiB" will not be able to boot. Equivalent to
"lzma --compress=xz --check=crc32 --lzma2=dict=1MiB"
==== ====


**--lzo**:: **--lzo**::
@ -429,8 +430,8 @@ will not be able to boot.
---- ----


**--regenerate-all**:: **--regenerate-all**::
Regenerate all initramfs images at the default location with the kernel versions found on the system. Regenerate all initramfs images at the default location with the kernel
Additional parameters are passed through. versions found on the system. Additional parameters are passed through.


FILES FILES
----- -----
@ -458,7 +459,8 @@ _/etc/conf.d/_::
set in the configuration files. set in the configuration files.


_/etc/cmdline_:: _/etc/cmdline_::
Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use /etc/cmdline.d/*.conf. Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use
/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf.


_/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf_:: _/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf_::
Can contain additional command line options. Can contain additional command line options.

12
dracut.asc
View File

@ -125,12 +125,14 @@ started looks like <<dracutbootup7>>.


== Dracut on shutdown == Dracut on shutdown


On a systemd driven system, the dracut initramfs is also used for the shutdown procedure. On a systemd driven system, the dracut initramfs is also used for the shutdown
procedure.


The following steps are executed during a shutdown: The following steps are executed during a shutdown:


* systemd switches to the shutdown.target * systemd switches to the shutdown.target
* systemd starts /lib/systemd/system/shutdown.target.wants/dracut-shutdown.service * systemd starts
/lib/systemd/system/shutdown.target.wants/dracut-shutdown.service
* dracut-shutdown.service executes /usr/lib/dracut/dracut-initramfs-restore * dracut-shutdown.service executes /usr/lib/dracut/dracut-initramfs-restore
which unpacks the initramfs to /run/initramfs which unpacks the initramfs to /run/initramfs
* systemd finishes shutdown.target * systemd finishes shutdown.target
@ -138,8 +140,10 @@ The following steps are executed during a shutdown:
* systemd tries to unmount everything and mounts the remaining read-only * systemd tries to unmount everything and mounts the remaining read-only
* systemd checks, if there is a /run/initramfs/shutdown executable * systemd checks, if there is a /run/initramfs/shutdown executable
* if yes, it does a pivot_root to /run/initramfs and executes ./shutdown. * if yes, it does a pivot_root to /run/initramfs and executes ./shutdown.
The old root is then mounted on /oldroot. /usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99shutdown/shutdown.sh is the shutdown executable. The old root is then mounted on /oldroot.
* shutdown will try to umount every /oldroot mount and calls the various shutdown hooks from the dracut modules /usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99shutdown/shutdown.sh is the shutdown executable.
* shutdown will try to umount every /oldroot mount and calls the various
shutdown hooks from the dracut modules


This ensures, that all devices are disassembled and unmounted cleanly. This ensures, that all devices are disassembled and unmounted cleanly.



3
dracut.bootup.7.asc
View File

@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ dracut.bootup - boot ordering in the initramfs
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
----------- -----------


This flow chart illustrates the ordering of the services, if systemd is used in the dracut initramfs. This flow chart illustrates the ordering of the services, if systemd is used in
the dracut initramfs.
---- ----


systemd-journal.socket systemd-journal.socket

121
dracut.cmdline.7.asc
View File

@ -72,14 +72,14 @@ rootfstype=ext3
See also ro option. See also ro option.


**rootfallback=**__<path to blockdevice>__:: **rootfallback=**__<path to blockdevice>__::
specify the block device to use as the root filesystem, if the normal root cannot be found. specify the block device to use as the root filesystem, if the normal root
This can only be a simple block device with a simple file system, for which the filesystem cannot be found. This can only be a simple block device with a simple file
driver is either compiled in, or added manually to the initramfs. system, for which the filesystem driver is either compiled in, or added
This parameter can be specified multiple times. manually to the initramfs. This parameter can be specified multiple times.


**rd.auto** **rd.auto=1**:: **rd.auto** **rd.auto=1**::
enable autoassembly of special devices like cryptoLUKS, dmraid, mdraid or lvm. enable autoassembly of special devices like cryptoLUKS, dmraid, mdraid or
Default is off as of dracut version >= 024. lvm. Default is off as of dracut version >= 024.


**rd.fstab=0**:: **rd.fstab=0**::
do not honor special mount options for the root filesystem found in do not honor special mount options for the root filesystem found in
@ -132,9 +132,10 @@ Misc
[[dracutkerneldebug]] [[dracutkerneldebug]]
Debug Debug
~~~~~ ~~~~~
If you are dropped to an emergency shell, the file _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ is created, If you are dropped to an emergency shell, the file
which can be safed to a (to be mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick. _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ is created, which can be safed to a (to be
Additional debugging info can be produced by adding **rd.debug** to the kernel command line. mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick. Additional debugging
info can be produced by adding **rd.debug** to the kernel command line.
_/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ contains all logs and the output of some tools. _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ contains all logs and the output of some tools.
It should be attached to any report about dracut problems. It should be attached to any report about dracut problems.


@ -146,13 +147,15 @@ It should be attached to any report about dracut problems.


**rd.debug**:: **rd.debug**::
set -x for the dracut shell. set -x for the dracut shell.
If systemd is active in the initramfs, all output is logged to the systemd journal, If systemd is active in the initramfs, all output is logged to the systemd
which you can inspect with "journalctl -ab". journal, which you can inspect with "journalctl -ab".
If systemd is not active, the logs are written to dmesg and _/run/initramfs/init.log_. If systemd is not active, the logs are written to dmesg and
_/run/initramfs/init.log_.
If "quiet" is set, it also logs to the console. If "quiet" is set, it also logs to the console.


**rd.memdebug=[0-3]**:: **rd.memdebug=[0-3]**::
Print memory usage info at various points, set the verbose level from 0 to 3. + Print memory usage info at various points, set the verbose level from 0 to 3.
+
Higher level means more debugging output: Higher level means more debugging output:
+ +
---- ----
@ -258,10 +261,10 @@ crypto LUKS
This parameter can be specified multiple times. This parameter can be specified multiple times.


**rd.luks.allow-discards=**__<luks uuid>__:: **rd.luks.allow-discards=**__<luks uuid>__::
Allow using of discards (TRIM) requests for LUKS partitions with the given UUID. Allow using of discards (TRIM) requests for LUKS partitions with the given
Any "luks-" of the LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to _<luks uuid>_. UUID. Any "luks-" of the LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to
The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the beginning of the _<luks uuid>_. The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the
LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID. beginning of the LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID.
This parameter can be specified multiple times. This parameter can be specified multiple times.


**rd.luks.allow-discards**:: **rd.luks.allow-discards**::
@ -273,11 +276,21 @@ crypto LUKS
crypto LUKS - key on removable device support crypto LUKS - key on removable device support
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
**rd.luks.key=**__<keypath>__:__<keydev>__:__<luksdev>__:: **rd.luks.key=**__<keypath>__:__<keydev>__:__<luksdev>__::
_keypath_ is a path to key file to look for. It's REQUIRED. When _keypath_ ends with '.gpg' it's considered to be key encrypted symmetrically with GPG. You will be prompted for password on boot. GPG support comes with 'crypt-gpg' module which needs to be added explicitly. _keypath_ is a path to key file to look for. It's REQUIRED. When _keypath_
ends with '.gpg' it's considered to be key encrypted symmetrically with GPG.
You will be prompted for password on boot. GPG support comes with
'crypt-gpg' module which needs to be added explicitly.
+ +
_keydev_ is a device on which key file resides. It might be kernel name of devices (should start with "/dev/"), UUID (prefixed with "UUID=") or label (prefix with "LABEL="). You don't have to specify full UUID. Just its beginning will suffice, even if its ambiguous. All matching devices will be probed. This parameter is recommended, but not required. If not present, all block devices will be probed, which may significantly increase boot time. _keydev_ is a device on which key file resides. It might be kernel name of
devices (should start with "/dev/"), UUID (prefixed with "UUID=") or label
(prefix with "LABEL="). You don't have to specify full UUID. Just its beginning
will suffice, even if its ambiguous. All matching devices will be probed.
This parameter is recommended, but not required. If not present, all block
devices will be probed, which may significantly increase boot time.
+ +
If _luksdev_ is given, the specified key will only be applied for that LUKS device. Possible values are the same as for _keydev_. Unless you have several LUKS devices, you don't have to specify this parameter. The simplest usage is: If _luksdev_ is given, the specified key will only be applied for that LUKS
device. Possible values are the same as for _keydev_. Unless you have several
LUKS devices, you don't have to specify this parameter. The simplest usage is:
+ +
[listing] [listing]
.Example .Example
@ -325,7 +338,8 @@ MD RAID
ignore mdadm.conf included in initramfs ignore mdadm.conf included in initramfs


**rd.md.waitclean=1**:: **rd.md.waitclean=1**::
wait for any resync, recovery, or reshape activity to finish before continuing wait for any resync, recovery, or reshape activity to finish before
continuing


**rd.md.uuid=**__<md raid uuid>__:: **rd.md.uuid=**__<md raid uuid>__::
only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be
@ -366,8 +380,8 @@ Network


[IMPORTANT] [IMPORTANT]
===================== =====================
It is recommended to either bind an interface to a MAC with the **ifname** argument, It is recommended to either bind an interface to a MAC with the **ifname**
or to use the systemd-udevd predictable network interface names. argument, or to use the systemd-udevd predictable network interface names.


Predictable network interface device names based on: Predictable network interface device names based on:


@ -376,7 +390,8 @@ Predictable network interface device names based on:
- physical/geographical location of the hardware - physical/geographical location of the hardware
- the interface's MAC address - the interface's MAC address


See: http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames See:
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames


Two character prefixes based on the type of interface: Two character prefixes based on the type of interface:


@ -423,9 +438,9 @@ USB Android phone::
===================== =====================


**ip=**__{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}__:: **ip=**__{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}__::
dhcp|on|any::: get ip from dhcp server from all interfaces. If root=dhcp, loop dhcp|on|any::: get ip from dhcp server from all interfaces. If root=dhcp,
sequentially through all interfaces (eth0, eth1, ...) and use the first with loop sequentially through all interfaces (eth0, eth1, ...) and use the first
a valid DHCP root-path. with a valid DHCP root-path.


auto6::: IPv6 autoconfiguration auto6::: IPv6 autoconfiguration


@ -448,8 +463,8 @@ same <interface>.
explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6 address, put it explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6 address, put it
in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]). This parameter can be specified multiple in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]). This parameter can be specified multiple
times. __<peer>__ is optional and is the address of the remote endpoint times. __<peer>__ is optional and is the address of the remote endpoint
for pointopoint interfaces and it may be followed by a slash and a decimal number, for pointopoint interfaces and it may be followed by a slash and a decimal
encoding the network prefix length. number, encoding the network prefix length.
+ +
===================== =====================
<macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This <macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This
@ -458,7 +473,8 @@ same <interface>.
===================== =====================


**ifname=**__<interface>__:__<MAC>__:: **ifname=**__<interface>__:__<MAC>__::
Assign network device name <interface> (ie "bootnet") to the NIC with MAC <MAC>. Assign network device name <interface> (ie "bootnet") to the NIC with
MAC <MAC>.
+ +
WARNING: Do **not** use the default kernel naming scheme for the interface name, WARNING: Do **not** use the default kernel naming scheme for the interface name,
as it can conflict with the kernel names. So, don't use "eth[0-9]+" for the as it can conflict with the kernel names. So, don't use "eth[0-9]+" for the
@ -479,16 +495,18 @@ interface name. Better name it "bootnet" or "bluesocket".


**vlan=**__<vlanname>__:__<phydevice>__:: **vlan=**__<vlanname>__:__<phydevice>__::
Setup vlan device named <vlanname> on <phydeivce>. Setup vlan device named <vlanname> on <phydeivce>.
We support the four styles of vlan names: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5), We support the four styles of vlan names: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005),
DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5) VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5), DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005),
DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)


**bond=**__<bondname>__[:__<bondslaves>__:[:__<options>__]]:: **bond=**__<bondname>__[:__<bondslaves>__:[:__<options>__]]::
Setup bonding device <bondname> on top of <bondslaves>. Setup bonding device <bondname> on top of <bondslaves>.
<bondslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces. <bondslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces.
<options> is a comma-separated list on bonding options (modinfo bonding for details) <options> is a comma-separated list on bonding options (modinfo bonding for
in format compatible with initscripts. If <options> includes multi-valued arp_ip_target option, details) in format compatible with initscripts. If <options> includes
then its values should be separated by semicolon. multi-valued arp_ip_target option, then its values should be separated by
Bond without parameters assumes bond=bond0:eth0,eth1:mode=balance-rr semicolon. Bond without parameters assumes
bond=bond0:eth0,eth1:mode=balance-rr


**team=**__<teammaster>__:__<teamslaves>__:: **team=**__<teammaster>__:__<teamslaves>__::
Setup team device <teammaster> on top of <teamslaves>. Setup team device <teammaster> on top of <teamslaves>.
@ -496,7 +514,8 @@ interface name. Better name it "bootnet" or "bluesocket".


**bridge=**__<bridgename>__:__<ethnames>__:: **bridge=**__<bridgename>__:__<ethnames>__::
Setup bridge <bridgename> with <ethnames>. <ethnames> is a comma-separated Setup bridge <bridgename> with <ethnames>. <ethnames> is a comma-separated
list of physical (ethernet) interfaces. Bridge without parameters assumes bridge=br0:eth0 list of physical (ethernet) interfaces. Bridge without parameters assumes
bridge=br0:eth0


NFS NFS
~~~ ~~~
@ -534,7 +553,9 @@ CIFS
as part of the root, then they must be passed on the command line through as part of the root, then they must be passed on the command line through
cifsuser/cifspass. cifsuser/cifspass.
+ +
WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all
users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the
network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.


**cifsuser**=__<username>__:: **cifsuser**=__<username>__::
Set the cifs username, if not specified as part of the root. Set the cifs username, if not specified as part of the root.
@ -542,7 +563,9 @@ WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all user
**cifspass**=__<password>__:: **cifspass**=__<password>__::
Set the cifs password, if not specified as part of the root. Set the cifs password, if not specified as part of the root.
+ +
WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all
users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the
network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.


iSCSI iSCSI
~~~~~ ~~~~~
@ -555,7 +578,9 @@ iSCSI
fields. See fields. See
link:$$http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4173#section-5$$[rfc4173]. link:$$http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4173#section-5$$[rfc4173].
+ +
WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all
users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the
network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
+ +
[listing] [listing]
.Example .Example
@ -590,12 +615,18 @@ If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets:
netroot=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0 netroot=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
-- --
+ +
WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware. WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all
users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the
network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.


**root=**__???__ **rd.iscsi.initiator=**__<initiator>__ **rd.iscsi.target.name=**__<target name>__ **rd.iscsi.target.ip=**__<target ip>__ **rd.iscsi.target.port=**__<target port>__ **rd.iscsi.target.group=**__<target group>__ **rd.iscsi.username=**__<username>__ **rd.iscsi.password=**__<password>__ **rd.iscsi.in.username=**__<in username>__ **rd.iscsi.in.password=**__<in password>__:: **root=**__???__ **rd.iscsi.initiator=**__<initiator>__ **rd.iscsi.target.name=**__<target name>__ **rd.iscsi.target.ip=**__<target ip>__ **rd.iscsi.target.port=**__<target port>__ **rd.iscsi.target.group=**__<target group>__ **rd.iscsi.username=**__<username>__ **rd.iscsi.password=**__<password>__ **rd.iscsi.in.username=**__<in username>__ **rd.iscsi.in.password=**__<in password>__::
manually specify all iscsistart parameter (see **+iscsistart --help+**) manually specify all iscsistart parameter (see **+iscsistart --help+**)
+ +
WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware. WARNING: Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all
users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the
network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.


**root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi **rd.iscsi.firmware=1**:: **root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi **rd.iscsi.firmware=1**::
will read the iscsi parameter from the BIOS firmware will read the iscsi parameter from the BIOS firmware
@ -715,7 +746,8 @@ ecryptfskey=/etc/keys/ecryptfs-trusted.blob


Deprecated, renamed Options Deprecated, renamed Options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Here is a list of options, which were used in dracut prior to version 008, and their new replacement. Here is a list of options, which were used in dracut prior to version 008, and
their new replacement.


rdbreak:: rd.break rdbreak:: rd.break


@ -849,7 +881,8 @@ _/etc/conf.d/_::
set in the configuration files. set in the configuration files.


_/etc/cmdline_:: _/etc/cmdline_::
Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use /etc/cmdline.d/*.conf. Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use
/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf.


_/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf_:: _/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf_::
Can contain additional command line options. Can contain additional command line options.

18
dracut.conf.5.asc
View File

@ -10,17 +10,19 @@ dracut.conf - configuration file(s) for dracut


SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS
-------- --------
_/etc/dracut.conf_ _/etc/dracut.conf.d/*.conf_ _/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/*.conf_ _/etc/dracut.conf_ _/etc/dracut.conf.d/*.conf_
_/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/*.conf_


Description Description
----------- -----------
_dracut.conf_ is loaded during the initialisation phase of dracut. Command line _dracut.conf_ is loaded during the initialisation phase of dracut. Command line
parameter will overwrite any values set here. parameter will overwrite any values set here.


_*.conf_ files are read from /usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d and /etc/dracut.conf.d. _*.conf_ files are read from /usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d and
Files with the same name in /etc/dracut.conf.d will replace files in /usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d. /etc/dracut.conf.d. Files with the same name in /etc/dracut.conf.d will replace
The files are then read in alphanumerical order and will overwrite parameters set in files in /usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d.
_/etc/dracut.conf_. Each line specifies an attribute and a value. A '#' The files are then read in alphanumerical order and will overwrite parameters
set in _/etc/dracut.conf_. Each line specifies an attribute and a value. A '#'
indicates the beginning of a comment; following characters, up to the end of the indicates the beginning of a comment; following characters, up to the end of the
line are not interpreted. line are not interpreted.


@ -84,7 +86,8 @@ Configuration files must have the extension .conf; other extensions are ignored.


[WARNING] [WARNING]
==== ====
If chrooted to another root other than the real root device, use --fstab and provide a valid _/etc/fstab_. If chrooted to another root other than the real root device, use --fstab and
provide a valid _/etc/fstab_.
==== ====


*use_fstab=*"__{yes|no}__":: *use_fstab=*"__{yes|no}__"::
@ -163,7 +166,8 @@ If chrooted to another root other than the real root device, use --fstab and pro
See dracut/modules.d/10i18n/README for a detailed description. See dracut/modules.d/10i18n/README for a detailed description.


*i18n_default_font=*"__<fontname>__":: *i18n_default_font=*"__<fontname>__"::
The font <fontname> to install, if not specified otherwise. Default is "LatArCyrHeb-16". The font <fontname> to install, if not specified otherwise.
Default is "LatArCyrHeb-16".


*i18n_install_all=*"__{yes|no}__":: *i18n_install_all=*"__{yes|no}__"::
Install everything regardless of generic or hostonly mode. Install everything regardless of generic or hostonly mode.

45
dracut.modules.7.asc
View File

@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ This hooks (initqueue/settled) gets executed every time udev has settled.


==== Initqueue timeout ==== Initqueue timeout


This hooks (initqueue/timeout) gets executed, when the main loop counter becomes half of the This hooks (initqueue/timeout) gets executed, when the main loop counter becomes
rd.retry counter. half of the rd.retry counter.


==== Initqueue finished ==== Initqueue finished


@ -133,7 +133,8 @@ needed anymore.
Init (or systemd) kills all udev processes, cleans up the environment, Init (or systemd) kills all udev processes, cleans up the environment,
sets up the arguments for the real init process and finally calls switch_root. sets up the arguments for the real init process and finally calls switch_root.
switch_root removes the whole filesystem hierarchy of the initramfs, switch_root removes the whole filesystem hierarchy of the initramfs,
chroot()s to the real root device and calls /sbin/init with the specified arguments. chroot()s to the real root device and calls /sbin/init with the specified
arguments.


To ensure all files in the initramfs hierarchy can be removed, all processes To ensure all files in the initramfs hierarchy can be removed, all processes
still running from the initramfs should not have any open file descriptors left. still running from the initramfs should not have any open file descriptors left.
@ -225,50 +226,56 @@ depends on.


=== module-setup.sh: cmdline() === module-setup.sh: cmdline()


This function should print the kernel command line options needed to boot the current This function should print the kernel command line options needed to boot the
machine setup. It should start with a space and should not print a newline. current machine setup. It should start with a space and should not print a
newline.


=== module-setup.sh: install() === module-setup.sh: install()


The install() function is called to install everything non-kernel related. To install The install() function is called to install everything non-kernel related.
binaries, scripts, and other files, you can use the functions mentioned in <<creation>>. To install binaries, scripts, and other files, you can use the functions
mentioned in <<creation>>.


To address a file in the current module directory, use the variable "$moddir". To address a file in the current module directory, use the variable "$moddir".


=== module-setup.sh: installkernel() === module-setup.sh: installkernel()


In installkernel() all kernel related files should be installed. You can use all of the functions In installkernel() all kernel related files should be installed. You can use all
mentioned in <<creation>> to install files. of the functions mentioned in <<creation>> to install files.


=== [[creation]]Creation Functions === [[creation]]Creation Functions


==== inst_multiple [-o] <file> [ <file> ...] ==== inst_multiple [-o] <file> [ <file> ...]


installs multiple binaries and files. If executables are specified without a path, dracut installs multiple binaries and files. If executables are specified without a
will search the path PATH=/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin for the binary. If the option "-o" path, dracut will search the path PATH=/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin for the
is given as the first parameter, a missing file does not lead to an error. binary. If the option "-o" is given as the first parameter, a missing file does
not lead to an error.


==== inst <src> [<dst>] ==== inst <src> [<dst>]


installs _one_ file <src> either to the same place in the initramfs or to an optional <dst>. installs _one_ file <src> either to the same place in the initramfs or to an
optional <dst>.


==== inst_hook <hookdir> <prio> <src> ==== inst_hook <hookdir> <prio> <src>


installs an executable/script <src> in the dracut hook <hookdir> with priority <prio>. installs an executable/script <src> in the dracut hook <hookdir> with priority
<prio>.


==== inst_rules <udevrule> [ <udevrule> ...] ==== inst_rules <udevrule> [ <udevrule> ...]


installs one ore more udev rules. Non-existant udev rules are reported, but do not let dracut fail. installs one ore more udev rules. Non-existant udev rules are reported, but do
not let dracut fail.


==== instmods <kernelmodule> [ <kernelmodule> ... ] ==== instmods <kernelmodule> [ <kernelmodule> ... ]


instmods should be used only in the installkernel() function. instmods should be used only in the installkernel() function.


instmods installs one or more kernel modules in the initramfs. <kernelmodule> can also be a whole instmods installs one or more kernel modules in the initramfs. <kernelmodule>
subsystem, if prefixed with a "=", like "=drivers/net/team". can also be a whole subsystem, if prefixed with a "=", like "=drivers/net/team".


instmods will not install the kernel module, if $hostonly is set and the kernel module is not currently instmods will not install the kernel module, if $hostonly is set and the kernel
needed by any /sys/*...*/uevent MODALIAS. module is not currently needed by any /sys/*...*/uevent MODALIAS.
To install a kernel module regardless of the hostonly mode use the form: To install a kernel module regardless of the hostonly mode use the form:
---- ----
hostonly='' instmods <kernelmodule> hostonly='' instmods <kernelmodule>

45
dracut.usage.asc
View File

@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ pieces. At least keep a copy of a general purpose image (and corresponding
kernel) as a fallback to rescue your system. kernel) as a fallback to rescue your system.


=== Inspecting the Contents === Inspecting the Contents
To see the contents of the image created by dracut, you can use the lsinitrd tool. To see the contents of the image created by dracut, you can use the lsinitrd
tool.
---- ----
# lsinitrd | less # lsinitrd | less
---- ----
@ -105,10 +106,11 @@ the grub menu.
The kernel command line can also be provided by the dhcp server with the The kernel command line can also be provided by the dhcp server with the
root-path option. See <<NetworkBoot>>. root-path option. See <<NetworkBoot>>.


For a full reference of all kernel command line parameters, see *dracut.cmdline*(5). For a full reference of all kernel command line parameters,
see *dracut.cmdline*(5).


To get a quick start for the suitable kernel command line on your system, use the To get a quick start for the suitable kernel command line on your system,
__--print-cmdline__ option: use the __--print-cmdline__ option:
---- ----
# dracut --print-cmdline # dracut --print-cmdline
root=UUID=8b8b6f91-95c7-4da2-831b-171e12179081 rootflags=rw,relatime,discard,data=ordered rootfstype=ext4 root=UUID=8b8b6f91-95c7-4da2-831b-171e12179081 rootflags=rw,relatime,discard,data=ordered rootfstype=ext4
@ -183,7 +185,8 @@ logical partition would contain:
rd.luks=0 rd.lvm=0 rd.md=0 rd.dm=0 rd.luks=0 rd.lvm=0 rd.md=0 rd.dm=0
---- ----


This turns off every automatic assembly of LVM, MD raids, DM raids and crypto LUKS. This turns off every automatic assembly of LVM, MD raids, DM raids and
crypto LUKS.


Of course, you could also omit the dracut modules in the initramfs creation Of course, you could also omit the dracut modules in the initramfs creation
process, but then you would lose the posibility to turn it on on demand. process, but then you would lose the posibility to turn it on on demand.
@ -193,12 +196,14 @@ process, but then you would lose the posibility to turn it on on demand.
=== Injecting custom Files === Injecting custom Files
To add your own files to the initramfs image, you have several possibilities. To add your own files to the initramfs image, you have several possibilities.


The --include option let you specify a source path and a target path. For example The --include option let you specify a source path and a target path.
For example
---- ----
# dracut --include cmdline-preset /etc/cmdline.d/mycmdline.conf initramfs-cmdline-pre.img # dracut --include cmdline-preset /etc/cmdline.d/mycmdline.conf initramfs-cmdline-pre.img
---- ----
will create an initramfs image, where the file cmdline-preset will be copied will create an initramfs image, where the file cmdline-preset will be copied
inside the initramfs to _/etc/cmdline.d/mycmdline.conf_. --include can only be specified once. inside the initramfs to _/etc/cmdline.d/mycmdline.conf_. --include can only
be specified once.




---- ----
@ -261,8 +266,8 @@ server about the ip adress for the machine. The dhcp server can also serve an
additional root-path, which will set the root device for dracut. With this additional root-path, which will set the root device for dracut. With this
mechanism, you have static configuration on your client machine and a mechanism, you have static configuration on your client machine and a
centralized boot configuration on your TFTP/DHCP server. If you can't pass a centralized boot configuration on your TFTP/DHCP server. If you can't pass a
kernel command line, then you can inject _/etc/cmdline.d/mycmdline.conf_, with a method described kernel command line, then you can inject _/etc/cmdline.d/mycmdline.conf_, with a
in <<Injecting>>. method described in <<Injecting>>.


==== Reducing the Image Size ==== Reducing the Image Size


@ -306,10 +311,11 @@ dracut be unable to locate your root device
. Add ''rd.shell rd.debug log_buf_len=1M'' to the kernel command line so that . Add ''rd.shell rd.debug log_buf_len=1M'' to the kernel command line so that
dracut shell commands are printed as they are executed dracut shell commands are printed as they are executed
. The file /run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt is generated, . The file /run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt is generated,
which contains all the logs and the output of all significant tools, which are mentioned later. which contains all the logs and the output of all significant tools, which are
mentioned later.


If you want to save that output, simply mount /boot by hand or insert an USB stick and mount that. If you want to save that output, simply mount /boot by hand or insert an USB
Then you can store the output for later inspection. stick and mount that. Then you can store the output for later inspection.


[[information-to-include-in-your-report]] [[information-to-include-in-your-report]]
=== Information to include in your report === Information to include in your report
@ -420,7 +426,8 @@ title Fedora (2.6.29.5-191.fc11.x86_64)
initrd /dracut-2.6.29.5-191.fc11.x86_64.img initrd /dracut-2.6.29.5-191.fc11.x86_64.img
---- ----
+ +
. If system boot fails, you will be dropped into a shell as seen in the example below. . If system boot fails, you will be dropped into a shell as seen in the example
below.
+ +
---- ----
No root device found No root device found
@ -429,7 +436,8 @@ Dropping to debug shell.
# #
---- ----
+ +
. Use this shell prompt to gather the information requested above (see <<all-bug-reports>>). . Use this shell prompt to gather the information requested above
(see <<all-bug-reports>>).


[[accessing-the-root-volume-from-the-dracut-shell]] [[accessing-the-root-volume-from-the-dracut-shell]]
==== Accessing the root volume from the dracut shell ==== Accessing the root volume from the dracut shell
@ -439,8 +447,10 @@ root volume is configured. Common scenarios include:


* A block device (e.g. _/dev/sda7_) * A block device (e.g. _/dev/sda7_)
* A LVM logical volume (e.g. _/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00_) * A LVM logical volume (e.g. _/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00_)
* An encrypted device (e.g. _/dev/mapper/luks-4d5972ea-901c-4584-bd75-1da802417d83_) * An encrypted device
* A network attached device (e.g. netroot=iscsi:@192.168.0.4::3260::iqn.2009-02.org.fedoraproject:for.all) (e.g. _/dev/mapper/luks-4d5972ea-901c-4584-bd75-1da802417d83_)
* A network attached device
(e.g. _netroot=iscsi:@192.168.0.4::3260::iqn.2009-02.org.example:for.all_)


The exact method for locating and preparing will vary. However, to continue with The exact method for locating and preparing will vary. However, to continue with
a successful boot, the objective is to locate your root volume and create a a successful boot, the objective is to locate your root volume and create a
@ -522,5 +532,6 @@ To do this from an already booted system:
# touch /run/initramfs/.need_shutdown # touch /run/initramfs/.need_shutdown
---- ----


This will give you a dracut shell after the system pivot'ed back in the initramfs. This will give you a dracut shell after the system pivot'ed back in the
initramfs.



4
mkinitrd.8.asc
View File

@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ OPTIONS


**--preload=<module>**:: **--preload=<module>**::
preload the kernel module <module> in the initramfs before any other kernel preload the kernel module <module> in the initramfs before any other kernel
modules are loaded. This can be used to ensure a certain device naming, which modules are loaded. This can be used to ensure a certain device naming,
should in theory be avoided and the use of symbolic links in /dev is which should in theory be avoided and the use of symbolic links in /dev is
encouraged. encouraged.


**--nocompress**:: **--nocompress**::